PRO3M & PRO 3MPLUS Vocabulary and Structures

Comprehensive vocabulary and structure flashcards compiled from the PRO3M & PRO 3MPLUS lecture notes for THPT and Exam preparation.

accessible

Easy to reach or approach; available.

accumulate

To gather or amass over time.

adaptive

Having the capacity to adapt or adjust to new conditions.

alter

To change or modify.

ambitious

Having a strong desire for success or achievement; aspiring.

amplify

To increase the strength or intensity of something; to intensify.

appraise

To assess or evaluate the quality or value of something.

archive

A collection of historical records or the place where they are stored.

aspiration

A strong desire or ambition to achieve something.

burnout

A state of physical or mental exhaustion caused by overwork.

circulation

The movement or flow of something (such as blood or information) within a system.

compassionate

Showing sympathy and concern for others; sympathetic.

complexity

The state of being complicated or intricate; complication.

compulsory

Required by law or a rule; mandatory.

consult

To refer to for information or professional advice.

curate

To select, organize, and look after items in a collection or exhibit.

demographic winter

A term referring to a significant decline in birth rates resulting in a shrinking population.

erode

To gradually wear away or destroy.

exhaustive

Fully comprehensive and thorough.

existential

Relating to existence, particularly the survival of a person or entity.

far-reaching

Having many significant effects or implications over a wide area; extensive.

forecast

A prediction or estimate of future events, especially weather.

frustration

The feeling of being upset or annoyed due to inability to change or achieve something.

genuine

Truly what something is said to be; authentic.

hostile

Showing or feeling opposition or dislike; unfriendly or antagonistic.

imperative

Of vital importance; crucial or essential.

inconsistency

The state of being contradictory or lacking agreement.

influential

Having great influence or impact on someone or something; powerful.

invalidate

To make something no longer valid or effective; nullify.

meteorologist

A scientist who studies the atmosphere and predicts weather patterns.

navigate

To manage, cope with, or find a way through a situation; to handle.

nurture

To care for and encourage the growth or development of something; foster.

optimism

Hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something.

outnumber

To be more numerous than; to exceed in number.

performative

Done for the sake of appearance or formality rather than for genuine reasons.

protocol

The official procedure or system of rules governing an activity.

relentless

Oppressively constant or incessant; unrelenting.

reliability

The quality of being trustworthy and performing consistently well; dependability.

relocate

To move to a new place and establish one's home or business there.

resilience

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.

sincerity

The quality of being free from pretense, deceit, or hypocrisy; honesty.

skeptical

Not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations.

skew

To suddenly change direction or position; to distort or bias information.

subtly

In a manner that is so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe.

superficial

Existing or occurring at or on the surface; lacking depth or thoroughness; shallow.

suppression

The action of forcibly putting an end to something; repression.

susceptible

Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing; vulnerable.

toxic

Poisonous or very harmful.

underserved

Provided with inadequate services or facilities.

unrealistic

Not representing things as they are in reality; unreasonable.

vulnerability

The state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.

waver

To become unsteady or to be undecided between two opinions or courses of action.

withdraw

To pull back, remove, or isolate oneself from others.

adapt to

To adjust to new conditions.

aim to do something

To set a goal to perform a specific action.

allow somebody to do something

To give someone permission to do something.

break out

To start suddenly, often referring to something negative like a war or disease.

come to a head

To reach a point where a situation becomes tense or a decision must be made.

deal with

To take action on or handle a particular task or problem.

enable somebody to do something

To provide the means or opportunity for someone to do something.

fall on stony ground

To be ignored or to receive no response/enthusiasm.

focus on

To give central attention to something.

have difficulty in doing something

To experience trouble or struggle while performing an action.

in response to

As a reaction to or to cope with something.

insist on

To demand or maintain firmly.

lead to

To result in or cause something to happen.

look on the bright side

To try to be optimistic or find the good in a negative situation.

manage to do something

To succeed in doing something despite or difficulty.

on time

Punctual; occurring at the expected or planned time.

pull somebody’s weight

To do one's fair share of work or duty.

regardless of

Without being affected by or concerned with.

rely on

To depend on or trust someone or something.

turn a deaf ear

To ignore or refuse to listen to something.