immigration and urbanization

history test (May 28th)

who invented the typewriter

christopher sholes

the first person to successfully use a steam engine to remove oil from underneath the earth’s surface

edwin l. drake

who ran the American railway union and later ran for president several times as a socialist

eugene v. debs

who was the Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits?

Andrew Carnegie

who organized coal miners, their wives, and their children to fight for better working conditions?

Mary Harris “Mother” Jones

who created trusts and was criticized as a robber baron while serving as head of the standard oil company

john d. rockefeller

who perfected the incandescent light bulb, and created an electrical power system, and organized power plants?

thomas Alva edison

who developed a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel

henry bessemer

who opened the way for worldwide communications with the invention of the telephone

alexander graham bell

who was a railroad-car mogul who built a town to house his employees?

george m. pullman

which of the following most allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers

electricity

why was pullman, Illinois, an unusual town

it was built by a company to house its workers

which of the following did social darwinism discourage

government regulation

in which of the following places did 146 female workers die in a fire?

the triangular shirtwaist factory

why were scabs unpopular with striking workers during the late 1800s

they were workers used to break strikes

what made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800s

new methods of making steel

what did the industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800s

competition

who organized the industrial workers of the world

radical unionists and socialists

which of the following resulted from the investigation of the triangular shirtwaist fire

changes in local labor laws for women and children

what was the goal of the interstate commerce act

to lower excessive railroad rates

the main purpose of the company known as credit mobilizer was to

steal railroad money for its shareholders

what did not contribute to the immense industrial boom of the early 1900s?

the emergence of middle class

what did Andrew Carnegie not do to gain control of a large percentage of the steel industry

cutting the quality of his products

the Sherman antitrust act

outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade

the great strike of 1877 took place in the

railroad industry

in the late 1800s, collective bargaining was a technique used to

win workers’ rights

the use of standardized time and time zones was introduces in order to benefit

railroad companies and train travelers

social darwinism was not used to justify

government regulation of business

vertical integration, a business strategy used by steel mogul Andrew Carnegie, involves

buying out raw material producers and distributors

the interstate commerce act gave the right to supervise railroad activities to

the federal government

the main immigration processing station in San Francisco was called

angel island

the main goal of the Chinese exclusion act was to

decrease Chinese immigration

the main goal of the americanization movement was to

assimilate people of various cultures into the dominant culture

the row house was a new type of housing that conserved space by

sharing side walls with other buildings

settlement houses were founded in the late 1800s by

social reformers

the illegal use of political influence for personal gain is called

graft

tammany hall was the name of

a New York city political machine

an example of patronage would be

appointing a friend to a political position

the stalwarts were strong supporters of

the spoils system

the Pendleton civil service act required

applicants for government jobs to pass examinations

which of the following is true of the gentlemen’s agreement

it decreased Japanese immigration

what was the original purpose of the row house

to provide single family homes for working-class families

what was the main interest of the social gospel movement

social reform

what had some of the same goals as the Americanization movement

settlement houses

a supporter of a political machine was typically not

opposed to immigration

what is the main purpose of patronage

to reward one’s supporters

an example of graft

saying a project cost more than it did and keeping the difference

who used the power of presidency to clean up the New York customs house

rutherford b. hayes

what issue prompted the assassination of president garfield

civil service reform

which president changed his ideas on civil service reform when he gained the presidency

chester a. arthur