Mendelian Genetics & Patterns of Inheritance

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions from Mendelian genetics and inheritance patterns discussed in the lecture.

A specific version of an inherited characteristic is called a __________.

trait

Gregor Mendel is known for his work in __________ and inheritance patterns.

Mendelian genetics

Mendel used __________ for his research because they were available in many varieties and could self-pollinate.

garden pea plants

In Mendel's experiments, a cross involving two contrasting traits is called __________.

hybridization

The __________ generation refers to the parental generation in Mendelian crosses.

P

The offspring of the parental generation is known as the __________ generation.

F1

The ratio of tall to dwarf pea plants in the F2 generation from a monohybrid cross is __________.

3:1

Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that genes separate during the formation of sex cells, resulting in each gamete containing __________ from each pair of genes.

one gene

A __________ cross involves crossing individuals that are heterozygous for one characteristic only.

monohybrid

A trait that is always expressed when at least one allele is present is called a __________ trait.

dominant

When two alleles are the same for a gene, the organism is __________ for that gene.

homozygous

The physical appearance of a trait is referred to as the __________.

phenotype

Mendel’s law that explains how alleles segregate during gamete formation is known as the __________.

Law of Segregation