Respiratory System Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary from respiratory system lectures, encompassing anatomy, diagnostic tests, and treatments.

External Respiration

Exchange between lungs & environment

Internal Respiration

Exchange at cellular level

Trachea

Windpipe

Alveoli

Gas exchange happens here!

Parietal Pleura

Covers chest wall

Visceral Pleura~

Covers lung surface

Ventilation

Exchange of air between atmosphere & alveoli

Tidal Volume

Amount of air exhaled following a normal inspiration

Residual Volume

Amount of air left in alveoli after full expiration

Forced Vital Capacity

Maxim amount of air that can be removed from lungs during expiration

Dyspnea

Shortness of breath

Bradypnea

Slow breathing

Tachypnea

Fast breathing

Hypoxia

Reduced oxygen in tissues

Hypoxemia

Reduced oxygen in blood

Hypercapnia

Increased carbon dioxide in blood

Hypocapnia

Decreased carbon dioxide in blood

Pulmonary Function Test

Measures functional ability of lungs

Thoracentesis

Removal of fluid

Pulse Oximetry

Measures O2 content of hemoglobin

FiO2

Fraction of inspired oxygen

Chest Tube

returns negative pressure to the intrapleural space

PEEP

Positive end expiratory pressure

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists

relaxes smooth muscle

Anticholinergic

produces bronchodilation

Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids)

anti inflammatory

Leukotriene Modifiers

inhibits bronchoconstriction

Antihistamines

Blocks the release of histamine

Nasal Decongestants

shrink nasal membranes (vasoconstriction)

Expectorants

liquefy mucus

Mucolytics

dissolve viscous mucus

Antitussives

suppress cough reflex

Epistaxis

nosebleed

Viral Rhinitis (Coryza)

Common cold

Pleurisy AKA pleuritis

Inflammation of the parietal and visceral pleuritis

Empyema

Infected fluid in the pleural cavity

Pneumothorax

Air in chest

Hemothorax

Blood in pleural space