photosynthesis vocab 😭

Autotroph

An organism that can make its own food using light or chemical energy, AKA producers

Photosynthesis

When producers convert light energy into chemical energy

Chlorophyll

green pigment that absorbs sunlight for photosy

Thylakoid

Found in chloroplasts. The place where light-dependent reactions occur, is disk-shaped

Light-dependent reactions

First part of photosynthesis. Uses light to break down water molecules and + re;ease oxygen from them

Light-independent reactions

Second part of photosynthesis, occurs in the stroma. Carbon dioxide breaks down and glucose gets formed.

Photosystem I + II

Protein areas that change solar energy into chemical energy

Electron transport chain

A series of electron areas that transports electrons and changes them into ATP

Chloroplast

The organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.

ATP

energy molecule that has 3 phosphates, can carry 3 bundles of energy

ADP

energy molecule with two phosphates + carries 2 bundles of energy

Calvin cycle

Another name for light independent reactions.

Aerobic

organism that needs oxygen to survive

Anaerobic

an organism that can survive without oxygen. EX gut bacteria

Granum

A stack of thylakoids inside a chloroplast. Grana-many stacks

Lamellae

Thin membranes that connect different stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast.

Mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell (organelle) where cellular respiration take place

Stroma

where the light independent reactions occur during photosynthesis

Stomata

Pores or opening on the underside of leaves that allow C0₂ and oxygen gas out of the leaf

Glycolysis

The first step of respiration takes place in the mitochondria. This is where glucose starts to break down and form ATP.

Krebs cycle

part of respiration that takes place in the mitochondria. Provides organisms with ATP because it countesses the breakdown of glucose.

Glucose

simple sugar, formula : h₂0+c0₂+ sunlight —> c₆h₁₂0₆