Dendrology tree list

Weekly tree list for dendrology 232

Betula alleghaniensis - yellow birch (family betulaceae)

Leaf - alternate, simple, ovate to oblong-ovate, pointed at apex, base rounded or heart shaped Buds - ovate, acute, imbricate, ciliate bud twig - slender, aromatic with slight odor and taste of wintergreen, ciliate on the margin Fruit - catkin, male pendulous, female upright and conelike Habit - 60-70 feet Bark - appears yellowish-golden, peeling in thin curly strips

Cornus sericea - redosier, redstemmed dogwood (family Cornaceae)

Leaf - opposite, simple, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at base, entire Twig - Bright red (yellow twig cultivar), raised white lenticels, white pith Fruit - white Habit - loose broad spreading, multi-stemmed, 7-9 feet tall by 10 feet wide, suckering

Gymnocladus diocus - kentucky coffeetree (family fabaceae)

Leaf - alternate, bipinnately compound, to 36” long by 24’ wide Buds - large leaf scar, terminal absent, laterals small Twig - very stout, brown or slightly greenish, glabrous to slightly velvety Fruit - Pod, reddish brown, 5-10” long, 1 1/2- 2” wide, contains large blackish brown seeds Habit - 60-75’ by 40-50’ wide Flowers - greenish white

Quercus macrocarpa - Bur Oak (family fagaceae)

Leaf - alternate, simple, rounded lobes, 5-7 pairs ovate to obtuse lobes, often deeply lobed at middle of leaf, whitish tomentulose below Bud - imbricate, pubescence covers entire bud, often stipular structures arising from buds Twig - stout, yellowish brown, develops corky ridges on some trees on 1 year or older stems Bark - rough, developing deep-ridged and furrowed character, dark gray to gray-brown Fruit - acorn, solitary, usually stalked, cup covers ½ or more and conspicuously fringed Habit - weakly pyramidal to oval in youth, 70-80’ tall, becoming broad crown of stout branches

Abies balsamea - Balsam Fir (family pinaceae)

Leaf - linear needle, two ranked, ½ - 1” long, slight notch at apex, stomatal bands below, persistent Cones - erect 1 ½ - 3 ¼ “ long, oblong-cylindrical, deciduous Bark - resin blisters

Picea glauca - White Spruce (family Pinaceae)

Leaf - 4 sided needle, ½ to ¾“ long, tip acute not sharp, on sterigmata, pungent odor to crushed foliage, Cones - pendant, 1 ¼ - 2 ½ “ long, narrowly oblong, truncate to slightly rounded scale

Picea pungens - blue spruce or Colorado blue spruce (Family Pinaceae)

Leaf - 4 sided needle, ¾ - 1 ¼“ long, sharp-pointed, stiff, on sterigmata Cones - pendent, 2 ½ - 4” long, cylindrical, sessile or short-stalked, apex of scale toothed

Pinus strobus - eastern white pine (family Pinaceae)

Leaf - acicular, 5 needles per fascicle, 2 ½ - 5” long, slender and flexible, persist 2-3 years Cones - Long-stalked, 3-8” long, pendent, narrowly oblong-conic, umbo terminal unarmed

Acer platanoides - norway maple (family Sapindaceae)

Leaf - opposite, simple, palmately-veined, 5-7 lobed, sharp pointed “teeth”, milky white sap from petiole when removed, green and purple forms Buds - plump, ¼ - 3/8” long Twig - stout, smooth, lustrous olive-brown Bark - grayish black, ridges with shallow furrows Flower - yellowish or greenish, before leaves; very floriferous Fruit- samara in pairs, widely divergent (180 degrees) Habit - rounded symmetrical crown, 40-50’ tall

Acer rubrum - red maple (family Sapindaceae)

Leaf - opposite, simple, palmately 3 OR 5 lobed (usually 3), acute sinuses, serrate leaf margins Buds - vegetative buds obtuse, red, 2-4 pairs visible scars Twig - similar to silver maple EXCEPT mostly odorless when crushed, dark red, lustrous Fruit - vernal, double samara, slightly divergent

Acer saccharinum - Silver maple (family Sapindaceae)

Leaf - opposite, simple, usually palmately 5-lobed, deep sinuses, silvery underneath, serrate leaf margins Buds - vegetative buds flattened, red, 2 outer scales form a “V” shaped notch Twig - Similar to red maple EXCEPT rank odor when crushed, lustrous red to brown Fruit - vernal, double samara, ~90 degrees Habit - 60-80’

Acer saccharum - Sugar maple (family Sapindaceae)

Leaf- opposite, simple, usually palmately 5-lobed, lacks milky sap Buds- pointed, 4-8 pairs of visible scales Twig - slender, shiny, and brownish Fruit - Autumnal, double samara, nearly parallel to slightly divergent horseshoe-shaped Habit - 60-80’

Aesculus spp - buckeyes and horseschestnuts (Family Sapindaceae)

Aesculus is a genus of temperate, deciduous trees and shrubs and commonly planted species. Native and ornamental plants commonly hybridize making species-level identification difficult Leaf - opposite, palmately compound, 5-7 elliptic to obovate leaflets Buds - large, imbricate, ovoid, light to dark brown, sticky/gummy or glabrous depending on the species Twig - stout, round, leathery capsule that features a spiky or smooth or spiky outer husk and contains one to three large, glossy, mahogany-brown seeds [you only need to be able to identify to the genus level Aesculus (spp)]

Taxus spp. - yew (family Taxaceae)

Leaf - linear needle ½ - 1” long, persistent Fruit - Ovoid, seed surrounded by fleshy and reddish aril, ¼“ long (Taxus canadensis Canadian yew is a shrub 3-6’ tall)