Lecture: Digestive system pt 2

Storage and mixing chamber what organ is this?

stomach

Stomach: Esophagus opens into, lower esophageal sphincter located at junction?

Cardia

Stomach: L side, superior to cardiac opening?

Fundus

Stomach: Largest portion, curves to right, and has greater & lesser curvature?

Body

Stomach: Funnel shaped; opens to small intestine via pyloric oriface, junction surrounded by pyloric sphincter?

Pylorus

What is the anatomy in stomach?

Serosa, muscularis (longitudinal, circular, oblique), submucosa, mucosa

Anatomy of stomach: Submucosa and mucosa are folded into _______, which disappear as stomach volume increases

rugae

Anatomy of stomach: Mucosa lining is simple columnar epithelium that forms invaginations called _________

gastic pits

Anatomy of stomach: Gastric pits are openings for _____________ that secrete acids and other substances

gastric glands

What are the epithelial cells of the stomach?

Surface mucous cells, mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells, enteroendocrine cells

Epithelial cells of stomach: On surface, around gastric pit + produce alkaline mucous (protects and prevents ulcers) + connected by tight junctions- barrier to acids?

Surface mucous cells

Epithelial cells of stomach: At deepest portions of gastric pit; near openings to gastric glands produce mucous?

Mucous neck cells

Epithelial cells of stomach: Produce HCI?

parietal cells

Epithelial cells of stomach: Produce pepsinogen & gastric lipase?

Chief cells

Epithelial cells of stomach: Produce regulatory hormones that influence secretion or motility? (ex. gastrin- stimulates HCI production by parietal cells upon distention of stomach)

Enteroendocrine cells

Once food enters stomach, it is mixed with stomach secretions to form what?

chyme

Types of secretion in stomach?

Mucus, HCI, and digestive enzymes

Stomach secretions: Viscous, alkaline; protects stomach wall from acidic chyme & digestive enzymes?

Mucus

Stomach secretions: By parietal cells- makes stomach acidic?

HCI

Stomach secretions: Such as pepsinogen and gastric lipase by chief cells?

Digestive enzymes

Functions of stomach acids: Killing________

bacteria

Functions of stomach acids: Denaturing proteins so ____________________ can reach internal peptide bonds

proteolytic enzymes

Functions of stomach acids: Providing optimal pH for activation and function of _________

pepsin

Functions of stomach acids: Stops carbohydrate ______________

digestion