Child Development Week 11 Attachment

What is attachment?

A strong emotional bond between infant and caregiver that provides security.

What is ethological theory?

Behaviors (like attachment) are biologically adaptive for survival.

What did Harry Harlow find?

Monkeys preferred comfort (cloth mother) over food (wire mother).

Key idea from John Bowlby?

Attachment is innate and based on consistent, responsive care.

What is the internal working model?

A mental framework of self and others based on early attachment.

What does the internal working model influence?

Relationships, trust, and social interactions.

Is there a critical period for attachment?

Early attachment matters (before ~6 months), but not strictly fixed.

What is the Strange Situation (Mary Ainsworth)?

Lab test observing infant reactions to separation and reunion.

Secure attachment?

Distressed when caregiver leaves, comforted when they return.

Insecure-avoidant?

Avoids caregiver, shows little emotion.

Insecure-anxious?

Very distressed, not easily comforted.

Disorganized attachment?

Confused, inconsistent behavior.

Effects of secure attachment?

Better social skills, empathy, and adjustment.

Effects of anxious attachment?

Relationship difficulties, lower satisfaction, peer issues.

Can attachment styles change?

Yes—through relationships, experiences, and life events.

What affects attachment style?

Caregiver responsiveness, temperament, parenting, caregiver’s own attachment.