Year 10 Chemistry - Test Revision - 30 cards

30 card deck, quick revision!

Ion

Atom with overall charge (lost or gained electrons)

Cation

Positive ion - metal - lost electrons

Anion

Negative ion - non-metal - gained electrons

Group - charge pattern

+1, +2, +3, skip 4, -3, -2, -1

Isotope

Same protons, different neutrons

Electron shell configuration

2, 8, 8, 2

Valence electrons

Outer shell, decide reactivity and bonding

Group from configuration

Last number = group

Period from configuration

Number of shells = period

Example: Na

2, 8, 1

Example: Cl

2, 8, 7

Group meaning

Same valence electrons

Period meaning

Same number of shells

Group 1

Alkali metal, +1 ions, very reactive

Group 2

+2 ions, reactive

Group 7

Halogens, -1 ions, reactive

Group 8

Noble gases, full shell, unreactive

Metal properties

Conductive, malleable, lustrous

Non-metal properties

Brittle, dull, poor conductors

Ionic bonding

Metal + non-metal, electrons transferred

Covalent bonding

Non-metal + non-metal, electrons shared

Metallic bonding

Metals, delocalised electrons

Ionic properties

High melting/boiling points, conduct when molten

Covalent properties

Low melting/boilig points, don’t conduct

Subscripts

Apply to one element only

Coefficients

Multiply whole molecule

Brackets

Multiply everything inside

Polyatomic ions

Balance as a group

Reactants - products

Atoms rearranged, new substances formed

Signs of reaction

Gas, colour change, temp change