Parameters, Laser & IPL Applications

Wavelength

The distance measured from peak to peak measured in nanometers, determines the chromophore.

Pulse duration

The amount of time measured in milliseconds it takes between a pulse of laser leaving the HP to hit the target.

Spot size

The surface area of the pulse of laser applied to the skin

Fluence

The measurement of heat and energy in a pulse of laser

T/F: The longer the wavelength the deeper it will penetrate with the exception of water chromophore lasers

TRUE

_____ spot sizes will penetrate deeper into the skin

Larger

_____ spot sizes will penetrate more shallow into the skin

Smaller

Circular spot sizes typically have a ____% overlap

20

Square/rectangle spot sizes typically have a ____% overlap

50

Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT)

The amount of time it takes a target to disperse at least 50% of the heat to the surrounding tissue to cool down

Thermal Damage Time (TDT)

The amount of time required to thermally damage the entire target without damaging surrounding tissue

When doing LHR the ms is based off of what

Hair thickness

Clinical end point is based on what two things?

Pain level; visual cues

What setting is associated with the most adverse reactions?

Fluence

What is the equation for fluence?

Joules/cm2

What is a joule?

1 unit of laser energy

______ spot sizes created more scatter

Smaller

T/F: Modern lasers typically have more than one wavelength inside a single unit

TRUE

When light is selectivly absorbed by its target, transfered into heat then damages the target

Selective photothermolysis

T/F: If the fluence is too high, it can damage the surrounding tissue

TRUE

______ is the setting used to intinsify the fluence without adding any heat

Pulse duration

T/F: The higher the number of pulse duration, the more aggressive and faster it will be

FALSE

755nm

Alexandrite wavelength

800-855nm

Diode wavelength

1064nm

ND:YAG wavelength

2940nm

ER:YAG/Erbium wavelength

10,600nm

CO2 wavelength

500-600nm

Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL) wavelength

400-1500nm

IPL wavelength

532nm

KTP wavelength

What is the chromophore for Alexandrite?

Melanin

What is the chromophore for ND:YAG?

Blood

What is the chromophore for Diode?

Melanin

What is the chromophore for ER:YAG/Erbium?

Water

What is the chromophore for CO2?

Water

What is the chromophore for a Pulsed Dye Laser

Blood

What is the chromophore for IPL?

Water, Melanin, Hemoglobin, Oxyhemoglobin

What is the chromophore for a KTP laser?

Blood, Melanin

What wavelength is used to treat LHR, vascular lesions, skin tightening, acne, toe fungus & tattoo?

ND:YAG

What wavelength is used to treat LHR, pigmented lesions, and tattoo removal?

Alexandrite

What wavelength is just used to treat LHR?

Diode

What wavelength is used for skin rejuvenation and ablative skin resurfacing?

ER:YAG & CO2

What wavelength is used in a dermatology setting that treats a wide range of vascular conditions like port wine stains?

Pulsed Dye

What wavelength can only be used on Fitzpatrick 1-3 and targets melanin?

755nm

What is another word for CM2

Spot size