USSR KT4 Stats

What percentage of marriages in Moscow ended in divorce by 1926?

50%

How did abortions compare to live births in Moscow around 1926?

Abortions outnumbered live births by 3:1

When did the Party close down Zhenotdel?

1930

What percentage of Party membership did women make up in 1932?

16%

What percentage of female delegates at Party Congresses did not exceed before 1939?

10%

By 1940, what percentage of engineering students were female?

Over 40%

How many women were in the workforce in 1928 and 1940?

Rose from 3 million in 1928 to over 13 million in 1940

How many women served in the armed forces during World War II?

Some 800,000

How many women received the Soviet Union's highest military award during WWII?

Eighty-nine (89)

Who was the first female ambassador in history?

Alexandra Kollontai

Who was the first woman to become a full candidate member of the Politburo and in what year?

Ekaterina Furtseva, in 1957

When did the Soviet Union have another woman in the Party's top body after Ekaterina Furtseva?

September 1988 (Alexandra Biryukova)

In the Uzbek Republic in 1955, what percentage of the school population in the final two years of secondary education were girls?

Only 26%

How did Komsomol membership change between 1929 and 1940?

Grew from 2.3 million to 10.2 million

What was the Komsomol membership by 1982?

Over 40 million

By the 1980s, how did the number of female students continuing to higher education compare to males?

Matched that of males

What was the illiteracy rate in Tsarist Russia?

About 65%

Of the 17 million illiterate people in 1917, how many were women?

14 million

How many people completed basic literacy courses between 1920 and 1926?

Five million

What were the literacy rates in 1939 for urban and rural populations?

94% urban, 86% rural

What were the literacy rates in 1959 for urban and rural populations?

99% urban, 98% rural

During the civil war (1918-21), how many students could Narkompros supply with one pencil?

60 students

What was the average school attendance for a child in 1926?

2.77 years

How many children were in education in 1929 and 1931?

Increased from 14 million in 1929 to over 20 million in 1931

How many schools were physically destroyed during World War II?

Over 82,000

What was the target for compulsory education for urban and rural schools by 1955 and 1960, respectively?

Ten-year compulsory education

What was the duration of compulsory education after 1958?

Eight-year programme (ages 7 to 15)

How many adults were attending part-time or correspondence courses by 1964?

Over two million

How did Moscow's population increase between 1929 and 1936?

From 2.2 million to 4.1 million

How did Leningrad's population increase between 1926 and 1939?

From 1.6 million to 3.4 million

How much did the population of Donbass towns double in the 1930s?

Doubled

How did the population of Magnitogorsk change between 1929 and 1932?

Rose from 25 people to 250,000

In 1936, what percentage of rented housing units consisted of more than one room?

6%

In 1936, what percentage of rented housing units were only part of one room?

24%

In 1936, what percentage of people renting lived in a kitchen or corridor?

5%

In 1936, what percentage of people renting lived in dormitories?

25%

What percentage of Stalingrad's housing was lost during WWII?

90%

What percentage of Leningrad's housing was lost during WWII?

One-third

How many workers were unemployed by 1926?

Over a million

How many hired workers were there in 1928 and 1937?

Rose from 11.6 million in 1928 to 27 million in 1937

Even by 1937, what percentage of all urban workers changed their job in each quarter of the year?

Not specified in the notes

How did the number of labour camp inmates change between 1945 and 1953?

Rose from fewer than 1.5 million to nearly 2.5 million

What was the divorce rate in 1979 per 1,000 marriages?

340 per 1,000 marriages

How much did alcohol consumption increase between 1940 and 1980?

600%

What was the estimated number of alcoholics in the USSR in 1987?

20 million

What fraction of all marriages ended in divorce during the Brezhnev era?

Over a third

How long did couples have to give notice before a wedding could take place under the 1968 Family Code?

1 month

What was the rate of population growth in the USSR by 1982?

0.8%

In 1970, what was the average family size in cities?

2.4 children

In 1959, what was the average family size in cities?

2.9 children

By the mid-1970s, what was the difference in wages between rural and urban workers?

Rural workers' wages were only 10% less than urban counterparts.

In 1978, how did the price of food at private markets compare to state shops?

Double that of state shops

By the 1970s, what percentage of cultivated area did private plots make up, and what percentage of all produce did they generate?

1% of cultivated area, producing 25% of all produce

How much did state welfare spending increase between 1950 and 1980?

Fivefold

What was the monthly pension in 1980?

40 roubles a month

How did the annual amount of housing space provided by the state change between 1951 and 1961?

From 178 million to 394 million square meters

In 1978, how many sanatoria and rest homes linked to medical care were there?

Over 2,000 sanatoria and over 1,000 rest homes

How did Communist Party membership change between 1953 and 1980?

Grew from 6.9 million to 17 million

By the end of the 1970s, what percentage of all males over the age of 30 were Party members?

20%

By what percentage did real wages rise between 1967 and 1977?

50%

What was the annual increase in per capita consumption during the Khrushchev years?

3.8%

How did the number of doctors change between 1928 and 1940?

Increased from 70,000 to 155,000

How did the number of hospital beds change between 1928 and 1939?

Rose from 247,000 to 791,000

What was the reduction in the working week during the Khrushchev era?

Reduced from 48 hours to 41 by 1960

In what year did the Soviet Constitution declare men and women equal under the law?

1918

When was Zhenotdel established?

1917

What year did the Bolsheviks launch a campaign for the liquidation of illiteracy?

1919

When were postcard divorces allowed?

1926

What year did the Great Retreat begin?

1936

The period of the Cultural Revolution occurred between which years?

1931-1932

In what year did the Soviet government announce full urban employment had been achieved?

1930

When was a system of traditional school routines reintroduced?

1935

When was abortion re-legalized in the USSR?

1955

What year saw Ekaterina Furtseva become the first woman in the presidium?

1957

When was the minimum wage introduced?

1956

What year did Khrushchev introduce educational reforms?

1958

When were Khrushchev's educational reforms officially dropped?

1964

What year was the Family Code introduced that placed restrictions on divorce?

1968

When were regular wages introduced for collective farmers?

1966

What specific month and year was the UN Declaration on Human Rights signed?

December 10, 1948

What year saw the signing of the Helsinki Accords?

1975

In what year was the passport system extended to the rural population?

1974

When was Order 270 issued?

July 1941

What year did the Soviet Constitution enshrine the right of citizens to criticize incompetent Party secretaries?

1977