Human Organ Systems

Vocabulary flashcards defining the primary organ systems of the human body, their functions, and key components based on the lecture notes.

Integumentary System

Protects the body from the external environment, regulates temperature, and eliminates waste (skin, hair, nails).

Skeletal System

Provides structural support, protects organs, and allows movement (bones, cartilage, ligaments).

Muscular System

Enables body movement and facial expression, and produces heat (skeletal muscles).

Nervous System

Fast-acting control system that detects sensations and controls movement and body processes (brain, spinal cord, nerves).

Endocrine System

Produces hormones to regulate metabolism, growth, and reproduction (glands such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas).

Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System

Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body (heart, blood vessels).

Lymphatic (Immune) System

Defends against pathogens and returns fluid to the blood (lymph nodes, spleen, white blood cells).

Respiratory System

Facilitates gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the blood and the environment (lungs, trachea, larynx).

Digestive System

Breaks down food into nutrients for absorption and eliminates waste (mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines).

Urinary (Excretory) System

Filters blood to remove waste and regulates fluid balance (kidneys, bladder).

Reproductive System

Produces offspring and sex hormones (testes/ovaries).