Chapter 7: Principles of Pathophysiology

diffusion

moves oxygen across the thin membrane from the alveoli to the capillaries

patent airway

open and clear; free from obstruction.

medulla oblongata

respiratory control

chemoreceptors

chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify changing levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide; triggered by changing carbon dioxide levels; register low oxygen levels and high carbon dioxide levels

plasma oncotic pressure

the pull exerted by large proteins in the plasma portion of blood that tends to pull water from the body into the bloodstream

hydrostatic pressure

pressure in a blood vessel that pushes water out of the vessel

deoxygenated blood

right side of the heart, goes to lungs nexr

stretch receptors

sensors in blood vessels that identify internal pressure.