Old Norse Common Words

af

of; from; preposition

aldri

never; adverb

allr, ǫll, allt

all; adjective

annarr, ǫnnurr, annat

other, second; pronoun

aptr

back, again; adverb

at

[…] that [does …]; conjunction

auðigr, auðig, auðigt

rich, wealthy; adjective

á

on; onto; preposition

ádr

before [… happens]; subjunction

bak, baks, bakið

back; n.n.

báðir, báðar, bæði

both; determiner

bera, berr, bar, báru, borinn

to carry; to bear; v.; str. 4

biðja, biðr, bað, baðu, beðinn

to ask; to beg; to pray; v.; str. 5

bjóða, býðr, bauð, buðu, boðinn

to invite; v.; str. 2

bóndi, bónda, bóndr

farmer; n.m.

brott

away; adverb

bróðir, bróður, bræður

brother; n.m.

bú

farm; n.n.

búa, býr, bjó, bjoggu, búinn

to live, reside; v.; str. 7

bœr, bœjar, bœir

farm; n.m.

dagr, dags, dagar

day; n.m.

dauðr, dauð, dautt

dead; adj.

dóttir, dóttur, dœtr

daughter; n.f.

drepa, drepr, drap, drápu, drepinn

to kill; v.

eða

or; conjunction

ef

if; preposition

eiga, á, átti, áttu, átt

to have; to own; v.

eigi

not; adverb

einnhverr, einhver, eitthvert

someone, something; pronoun

einn

one (1); numeral

ek

I; pronoun

ekki

not; adverb

en

but; conjunction

enda

and yet; conjunction

engi

no (one); pronoun

enn

yet; still; even more; adverb

eptir

after; adverb

er

who, which, that; when, where; conjunction

faðir, fǫður, feðr

father; n.m.

fagr, fǫgr, fagrt

fair, beautiful; adj.

falla, fellr, fell, fellu, fallinn

to fall; v.; str. 7

fara, ferr, fór, fóru, farinn

to travel, to fare; v.; str. 6

fá, fær, fekk, fengu, fenginn

to get; v.; str. 7

fár, fá, fátt

few; adjective

ferð, ferðar, ferðir

journey (De.: Fahrt); n.f.

fé, fjár, fé

cattle, livestock; n.n.

fimm

five; numeral

fimmtán

fifteen; numeral

finna, finnr, fann, fundu, fundinn

to find; v.; str. 3

fjórir

four; numeral

fjǫlmennr, fjǫlmenn, fjǫlmennt

well-attended, with many men; adjective

fótr, fótar, fœtr

foot; n.m.

fram

forward; adverb

frá (+dat.)

from; away from; preposition

friðr, fríð, frítt

beautiful, fair; adjective

frændi, frænda, frændr

friend; kinsman; male relative; n.m.

fullr, full, fullt

full; adj.

fundr, fundar, fundir

meeting; discovery; noun

fyrir

in front of; for; preposition

fyrr

before; adverb

fyrri, fyrri, fyrra

former; adjective

gamall, gǫmul, gamalt

old; adjective

ganga, gengr, gekk, gengu, genginn

to go, to walk; v.; str. 7

gefa, gefr, gaf, gáfu, gefinn

to give; v.; str. 5

gera, gerir, gerði, gerðu, gerðr

to do, make; v.; wk. 1

geta, getr, gat, gátu, getinn

to get; to beget; v.; str. 5

góðr, góð, gótt

good; adj.

gǫfugr, gǫfug, gǫfugt

noble; adj.

hafa, hefir, hafði, hǫfðu, hafðr

to have; v.; wk. 3

halda, heldr, helt, heldu, haldinn

to hold; v.; str. 7

hann

he, it; pronoun

harðr, hǫrð, hart

hard; stern; adj.

halfr, hǫlf, halft

half; adj.

heill, heil, heilt

whole; healthy, hale; adj.

heim

(to) home; adv.

heita, heitir, hét, hétu, heitinn

to be called, to be named; v.; str. 7

heldr

rather; adv.

hestr, hests, hestar

horse; n.m.

hér

here; adv.

hinn

the other; pronoun

hjá

by, near; preposition

hlaupa, hleypr, hljóp, hljópu, hlaupinn

to leap, jump; v.; str. 7

hlutr, hlutar, hlutir

part, thing; n.m.

hon

she, it; pronoun

hús, húss, hús

house; n.n.

hvárgi

neither; pronoun

hvárr

who; which (of two); pronoun

hvárrtveggi

each of the two; pronoun

hvárt

whether; adv.

hverr

each, every; who?; pronoun

hversu

how; adv.

hǫfuð, hǫfuðs, hǫfuð

head; n.n.

hǫggva, høggr, hjó, hjoggu, hǫggvinn

to hit, to hew; v.; str. 7

hǫnd, handar, hendr

hand; n.f.

illa

badly; adv.

illr, ill, illt

bad, ill; adj.

inn

inside; adv.

í

in; into; preposition

jarl, jarls, jarlar

earl, highborn; n.m.

kalla, kallar, kallaði, kǫlluðu, kallaðr

to call; v.; wk. 2