2017 module 2

These vocabulary flashcards cover the developmental stages of childhood, common illnesses, terms related to child abuse, and safety/discipline terminology based on the NorQuest College Module 2 curriculum.

Adolescence

A developmental stage occurring from ages 12 to 18 years, characterized by rapid growth and physical, sexual, emotional, and social changes.

Child Abuse

Mistreatment or neglect of a child by a parent, guardian, or caregiver.

Child Neglect

The failure by a child's parents or other caregivers to meet the child's basic needs for emotional, psychological, and physical development.

Child Sexual Abuse

The use of a child for sexual purposes by an adult or adolescent, including exposure to any sexual activity or behaviour.

Discipline

The system of rules that governs how we act, intended to guide children to make good choices.

Failure to thrive (FTT)

A delay in physical growth and weight gain that can lead to delays in development and maturation; usually caused by environmental and social factors.

Latchkey children

Children who are left unsupervised after school because their parents or caregivers are away from home or at work.

Late Childhood

A developmental stage occurring from ages 9 to 12 years, also referred to as the pre-adolescent period.

Menarche

The time when menstruation first begins.

Middle Childhood

A developmental stage occurring from ages 6 to 8 years.

Negative reinforcement

Encouraging a behaviour by penalizing the person when that behaviour is not demonstrated.

Obesity

Excess fat accumulation that puts a person's health at risk.

Positive reinforcement

Encouraging a behaviour by rewarding the desired behaviour after it is demonstrated.

Preschool

A developmental stage occurring from ages 3 to 5 years.

Puberty

The period when the reproductive organs begin to function and secondary sex characteristics appear.

Punishment

A harsh response involving fear that occurs when a discipline rule is broken.

Separation anxiety

A normal reaction in young children to the actual or prospective separation from a parent or caregiver.

Toddler

A developmental stage occurring from ages 1 to 3 years.

Parallel play

Common in toddlers, the act of playing alongside other children but not usually with them.

Ejaculation

The release of semen which signals the onset of puberty in boys.

Nocturnal emissions

Commonly known as "wet dreams," these occur during puberty in males.

Sexual orientation

Refers to whether a person is aroused in response to people of the same sex, opposite sex, or both.

Coming out

The process of declaring a non-heterosexual identity.

Reye’s Syndrome

A condition involving inflammation of the brain that may be fatal; it is linked to the use of ASA for flu or chickenpox symptoms.

ASA

Acetylsalicylic acid, also known as aspirin; should not be given to children for flu or chickenpox due to Reye's Syndrome risk.

Otitis media

An ear infection where fluid gets trapped in the middle ear caused by congestion from colds or allergies.

Conjunctivitis

Commonly known as "pink eye," a highly contagious inflammation of the white part of the eye with redness and discharge.

Strep throat

A sore throat caused by streptococcus bacterium that, if untreated, can lead to rheumatic fever.

Gastroenteritis

Commonly known as stomach flu, which requires monitoring for dehydration and may be treated with Pedialyte.

School exclusion fever threshold

Children should stay home from school if they have a fever of more than $38^{\circ}C$.

Abuse

Physical or mental harm caused by someone in a position of trust who has control over a dependent victim.