2.1

Ribosomes

Cell organelles consisting of two subunits made of rRNA and proteins, responsible for synthesizing proteins according to mRNA sequences.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

A network of membrane tubes in eukaryotic cells, with rough ER having ribosomes attached for protein synthesis and smooth ER involved in detoxification and lipid production.

Golgi Complex

Flattened membrane-bound sacs in eukaryotic cells, responsible for modifying and packaging newly synthesized proteins for trafficking.

Mitochondria

Cell organelles with double membranes, producing ATP energy for cell functions and having highly convoluted inner membranes called cristae.

Lysosomes

Membrane-enclosed sacs containing hydrolytic enzymes in eukaryotic cells, used for digesting various materials like damaged cell parts.

Vacuoles

Membrane-bound sacs in eukaryotic cells, involved in storing water, macromolecules, and releasing waste from the cell.

Chloroplasts

Double-membrane organelles in photosynthetic eukaryotic cells, specialized in capturing solar energy and producing sugars for the organism.