Unit 5 Vocab Huge

Intensive Agriculture

Farmers or rancher use large amounts of inputs to maximize crop yields

Market Gardening/Commercial Gardening

hen the US imports types of products from Mexico and CHile in the Winter

Extensive Agriculture

Practices use fewer amounts of the inputs and typically results in less cores yields

Shifting Cultivation

where farmers clear land buy cutting and burning vegitiation

Ranching

Grazing of animals confided to a specific area

Townships and ranges

New techniques to accurately determine longitude were transferred from sea navigation( long and lat lines)

Metes and Bounds

Uses natural landscape features to divide the land

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of plants and animals as well as people culture and tech from European colonization

1st Ag rev

the time when human and domesticated plants and animals no longer relied entirely on hunting and gatherings

2nd Ag rev

Used the advances of the industrial revolution to increase food supplies ( industrial rev)

3rd Ag rev

advancements in plant bio that allowed agriculture productivity to outpace population growth

High yield seeds

Develops seeds that produce larger amounts of crops per plant

Subsistence Agriculture

The production of food primarily for consumption by the farmers family

Commercial Agriculture

The production of food primarily for sale off the farm

Monocropping

One crop is grown per season on one piece of land

Commodity chain

A process used by corporations to gather resources, transform them into goods and then transport them to consumers

Global supply chain

Making sure all steps required to get a product or service to consumers

Export commodity chain

Good or raw material that a country produces and sells to other countries to make money

GMOs

Plants or animals that scientists have modified by extracting genes of one species and inserting them into DNA of another species

Community-supported agriculture

Brings producers and consumers into a type of partnership

Value add specialty crops

Consumers are willing to pay more because of special qualities or because they are difficult to acquire

Fair Trade

Movement where there is a goal to get more money into the hands of small farmers in poor countries rather than supporting large corporations

Local food movement

This supports local farmers and reduces the use of fossil fuel used to transport products

Food desert/food insecurity

A neighborhood where residents have little to no access to healthy or affordable food/when households lack access to adequate food because of limited money.