NURS620 Exam 1 Review Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering eye, ear, nose, and throat pathology, assessment, and treatment plans based on a NURS620 lecture transcript.

Blepharitis

Inflammation of the eyelid and lashes, sometimes associated with bacterial infections, causing flaking, scaling, and crusting.

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Condition presenting bilaterally with watery/serous drainage, itching, and a history of seasonal allergies.

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Typically unilateral condition causing purulent/mucopurulent discharge, conjunctival injection, pain, irritation, and itching.

Erythromycin 5 mg/gram ophthalmic ointment

Empiric treatment for conjunctivitis dosed as a $0.5\text{ inch } (1.25\text{ cm})$ strip 4 times daily for 5 to 7 days.

Ofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic drops

The preferred antibiotic agent for conjunctivitis in patients who wear contact lenses.

Non-specific conjunctivitis

Condition treated primarily with over-the-counter (OTC) eye lubricant drops and/or ointment.

Open Angle Glaucoma

Disease with slow progression causing peripheral vision loss, poor night vision, halos around lights, and optic disc opacity.

Closed Angle Glaucoma

Sudden onset of severe eye pain, headache, nausea, blurred vision, rainbows around lights, and hazy cornea.

Iritis

Inflammatory process featuring marked conjunctival injection with ciliary flush, photophobia, blurred vision, and a constricted pupil.

Tonometry

An urgent ophthalmic test used to measure intraocular pressure, specifically for suspected closed angle glaucoma.

Acute Otitis Media

Condition presenting with earache, hearing loss, muffled sounds, pressure with chewing, and an erythematous, bulging, or dull TM.

Otitis Externa

Inflammation of the external ear canal often associated with swimming or water trapping, causing pain on traction of the pinna.

Otitis Externa with TM Rupture

Diagnosis for a patient with a swollen external ear, purulent discharge, pinna tenderness, and a perforated tympanic membrane.

Ciprodex Otic (Ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone)

A fluoroquinolone and corticosteroid otic suspension safe for use with a perforated TM.

Floxin Otic (Ofloxacin)

A bactericidal otic drop listed as safe for use in patients with a perforated tympanic membrane.

A/B Otic (Antipyrine/benzocaine)

An otic analgesic containing benzocaine that is NOT safe for use with a perforated TM.

Cortisporin Otic (Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone)

An antibiotic/steroid otic suspension that may cause ototoxicity and is not used with a perforated TM.

Ear Wick

A device used to facilitate the entry of otic drops into an ear canal that is significantly narrowed by edema.

Strep Throat (Strep Pharyngitis)

Infection characterized by sore throat, fever, tonsillar exudate, anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, and absence of cough.

Throat Culture

The gold standard for diagnosing pharyngitis, especially if fever is present with fewer than 2 clinical symptoms.

Mononucleosis (Mono)

Condition presenting with a classic dyad of fatigue and sore throat, exudative tonsils, and posterior cervical lymphadenopathy.

Acute Viral Pharyngitis

Sore throat usually associated with URI symptoms, where the sore throat is often one of the first symptoms.

Penicillin V potassium (Pen-Vee K)

Standard treatment for Strep throat in adults, dosed at $500\text{ mg}$ PO twice daily for 10 days.

Bicillin L-A (penicillin G benzathine)

An alternative treatment for Strep given as a single $1.2\text{ million units}$ intramuscular (IM) injection.

Azithromycin (Zithromax)

Treatment recommended for Strep throat in penicillin-allergic patients, dosed at $500\text{ mg}$ daily for 5 days.

Rhinitis

Nasal inflammation that may be allergic, non-allergic, structural, inflammatory, or caused by medications or hormones.

Viral Sinusitis vs. Acute Bacterial Sinusitis

Differentiated primarily by symptom duration, with bacterial typically defined by more than 10 days up to 12 weeks of symptoms.

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

A balance disorder characterized by dizziness related to specific head positions.

Meniere's Disease

A specialty hearing and balance disorder listed among the exam review topics.

Conductive Hearing Loss

A type of hearing loss involving the external or middle ear, often due to obstruction or effusion.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

A type of hearing loss involving the inner ear or the auditory nerve.

Tinnitus

The medical term for ringing or noise perception in the ears.

Stomatitis

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth.

Glossitis

Inflammation of the tongue mentioned under oral cavity topics.

PERRLA

Physical exam acronym meaning Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation.

Fundoscopic exam

An examination used to evaluate the optic nerve and posterior eye structures; urgent for suspected glaucoma.

Ciliary flush

Dilated conjunctival vessels at the corneal edge, typical of serious eye conditions like iritis or closed angle glaucoma.

Tragus pressure

A physical exam maneuver that elicits pain in patients with Otitis Externa.

Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy

Enlarged and tender lymph nodes in the front of the neck, a classic sign of Strep Pharyngitis.

Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy

Lymph node enlargement in the back of the neck, frequently associated with Mononucleosis.

Erythromycin ethyl succinate (EES)

Effective Strep treatment for penicillin-resistant organisms, dosed at $50\text{ mg/kg}$ daily in divided doses.

Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate)

Antibiotic used for penicillin-resistant Strep, dosed at $40\text{ mg/kg}$ PO daily based on the amoxicillin component.

Viscous lidocaine (Xylocaine)

A topical prescription preparation used to relieve moderate to severe throat pain.

Ambient humidification

Method using a cool-mist humidifier to relieve feelings of dryness or tightness in the throat.

Ophthalmology Referral

Necessary within 24 to 48 hours if conjunctivitis does not respond to treatment, or urgently for closed angle glaucoma.

Fluorescein staining

A diagnostic procedure used by ophthalmologists to detect corneal injury or ulceration.

Sumycin (tetracycline)

An antibiotic that should specifically be avoided for the treatment of Strep throat.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Septra, Bactrim)

A common antibiotic combination that should be avoided in the treatment of Strep throat.

Optic disc opacity

A specific finding on fundoscopic exam associated with Open Angle Glaucoma.

HPI

The History of Present Illness section of the patient assessment.