Chapter 19 (Bird Evolution Parts) - The origin and Radiation of Birds

Maniraptorans

this name refers to highly flexible wrist and has an appearance of feathers

furcula

“wishbone” from the fusion of clavicles; seen in theropods (not just for flight)

Pneumatization

where air-filled cavities develop within bones (in this case non-cranial bones)

uncinate processes

an extra projection off rib surface that helps strengthen rib cage and help with inspiration

pygostyle

fusion of vertebrae at the end of the tail

feathers

What feature of birds were used for species and sex identification, courtship displays, territorial displays between males, and insulation

True

True or False: Extensive duplication and modification of beta-keratin genes led to diversification of feathers

true

True or False: avian characters have a notable reduction in body size

ground-up

wing-assisted incline running is used for this type of flight evolution

Neornithes

extant birds