Bio I Exam 2 (Evan Kaplan) Mississippi State University

Enzymes ___________ activation energy to ______________ the rate of reaction

Increase, Decrease

Defined as the ability to promote change or do work

Energy

Which of the following types of work is incorrectly matched

Transport work - pumping of substances across the membrane in the direction of spontaneous movement (passive Transport)

Which of the following is NOT true about enzymes

They are changed and consumed by the reaction

Which of the following is not an enzyme.

A. Sucrose

The addition reaction of a phosphate or input of energy to an ADP molecule to form ATP is specifically

Phosphorylation

How many products would be formed if 25 enzymes and 20 substrates are present

20

inhibitor that binds non-covalently to a location outside of the active site causing the enzyme to change shape and prevent the substrate from binding

E. A and C

which of the following increases enzyme activity, and therefore the rate of the reaction

Optimal increase of temperature

Chloroplasts take energy from the sun to make __________ that are then processed into __________ .

sugars(Kinetic energy), ATP(potential energy)

T/F ATP is rechargeable energy source

True

Kinetic energy is __________ . Potential energy is __________ .

Ready for immediate use

stored in the bonds of molecules

Why does the body use enzymes rather that extreme heat to speed up reaction.

high temperature will denature other proteins that exist in the body

T/F Enzymes are altered when they speed up reactions

False

An enzyme main function is to

speed up reactions by lowering activation energy

T/F enzyme inhibitors can be both permanent and reversible

True

When an inhibitor binds to the active site it is referred to as _______. When an inhibitor binds to a location other than the active site it is referred to as _________.

Competitive inhibition, noncompetitive inhibition

T/F Most biological enzymes function between 6-8 on the PH scale

True

Most enzymes function best around what temperature

37 degrees C

How many NADHs, FADH2, and ATP are made from a single Acetyl CoA

1 ATP, 1 FADH2, and 3 NADH

Please select the correct pathway

Glucose -> pyruvate -> Acetyl CoA - > citrate -> ETC

Roughly how many ATP are produced in cellular respiration

37

What are the products of glycolysis

2x pyruvates, 4 ATP, 2 NADH

The addition of a phosphate or input of energy to an ADP molecule to form ATP is called

Phosphorylation

How many NADH, FADH, and ATP are made from a single Acetyl CoA

1 ATP, 1 FADH, and 3 NADH

How many ATPs are actually produced from the breakdowns of one glucose molecule

38

What are the net products of glycolysis

2 pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Oxidative Phosphorylation occurs in the

Electron Transport Chain

During Acetyl CoA formation _______ is reduced to form _______.

NAD , NADH

What is the purpose of photosynthesis

To convert ATP to organic molecules

Most plants appear green because chlorophyll:

Reflects green light

In which eukaryotic organelle does photosynthesis occur

Chloroplasts

Cellular respiration makes ______ and photosynthesis makes ___________.

Energy, Glucose

Which of the following is a characteristic of DNA

C. Both of the above

Which of the following is NOT part of the DNA's chemical structure

E. Potassium atom

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the sugar phosphate "sides" of the DNA double helix

Both strands run in the 3' to 5' direction

Where are hydrogen bonds found on the DNA molecule

E. Both A and C

T/F DNA polymerase can start adding base pairs independently

False

What blocks hydrogen bons during DNA replication

DNA single-stranded binding proteins

What molecule initially disrupts hydrogen bonds in DNA replication

D. Both A and B

T/F DNA polymerase can proofread after it has already joined nucleotides to each other

False

When can DNA polymerase 'Proofread'

At the instance it has brought in the complimentary base

Which of the following is FALSE

B. The complete strand of RNA is translated into proteins

Replicate the following strand of DNA: ATG GGC CTA

TAC CCG GAT

T/F The standard criteria of DNA are iinformattion, replication, transmission, and Variation

True

The sugar phosphate backbone is held together by _______ bond, and nucleotides are connected by ______ bonds.

Covalent, Hydrogen

Transcribe the DNA strand: 5' AGTACGCTACCA

3' TCATGCGATGGT

Which "phase" of cellular respiration does not have to occur in the presence of oxygen

Glycolosis

If a strand of DNA is 30% Adenine, what percent is Cytosine? What Percent is Thymine?

20%, 30%

T/F The DNA polymerase has no proofreading ability, and RNA polymerase has limited proofreading ability

False

What is the central Dogma

DNA -> RNA -> proteins

What enzyme in the Electron Transport Chain catalyzes the reaction to form ATP?

ATP Synthase

DNA polymerase binds nucleotides together using a

Hydrogen reaction