Molecular Motion

Why do not all collisions between substrates and enzymes lead to a reaction?

For a collision to be successful, the substrate must collide with the active site at the correct orientation and be chemically compatible.

One advantage of enzyme immobilisation

immobilized enzymes are more stable and can be reused

How does temperature affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Higher temperatures increase molecular motion, leading to more frequent collisions between enzymes and substrates

What is the relationship between concentration and collision rates

Higher concentration of substrates or enzymes increase the likelihood of collisions

Why do smaller molecules collide more often larger ones

Smaller molecules move faster, increasing their chances of encountering each other

What happens during enzyme saturation

All the enzyme active sites are occupied, and increasing substraye concentration will not increase the reaction rates

Collision Theory

in order for a reaction to occur, the reacting molecules must collide with sufficient energy and in the correct orientation

What are the 2 key components of collision theory for enzyme catalysis

Sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier

Correct orientation for the substrate to align with the active site

What is the effect on molecular motion on enzyme catalysis

Molecular motion allows for the frequent collisions between enzymes and substrates which is essential for catalysis to occur

What is the correct orientation of a substrate important for enzyme catalysis?

The substrate must align with the active site in a specific orientation for the chemical bonds to be formed or broken

What role does kinetic energy play in molecular motion?

The more kinetic energy molecules have, the faster they move, leading to increased collision rates

Give an example of an immboilized enzymes and its function.

Sucrase in the small intestine, which is attached to the intestinal lining and catalyzes the digestion of sucrose

How does molecular motion contribute to reactions at biologically relevant rates

Frequent molecular motion and collisions between substrates and enzymes ensure that reactions can occur in a timely manner within living organisms.

What must happen for a substrate to react with an enzyme?

The enzyme must collide with the enzyme’s active site

What is the difference between free-moving enzymes and immobilized enzymes in terms of collision dynamics

Free-moving enzymes can interact with substrates in all directions, while immobilized enzymes require substrates to move to them, which can reduce the rate of successful collisions.