psych 101 unit part 1 good one

Attitude

feelings beliefs and opinions that guide behavior

Mere exposure effect

liking increases with repeated exposure

Explicit attitude

conscious belief you can report

Implicit attitude

unconscious automatic belief

Implicit association test

measures unconscious bias through reaction time

Cognitive dissonance

discomfort from conflicting beliefs and behavior

Effort justification

valuing something more after working for it

Central route persuasion

deep thinking leading to lasting attitudes

Peripheral route persuasion

based on surface cues leading to weak attitudes

Foot in the door

small request followed by larger request

Door in the face

large request followed by smaller request

Lowballing

getting agreement then increasing the cost

Attribution

explanation for behavior

Dispositional attribution

behavior explained by personality

Situational attribution

behavior explained by environment

Fundamental attribution error

overestimating personality and underestimating situation

Actor observer bias

self explained by situation others by personality

Stereotype

belief about a group

Prejudice

negative feelings about a group

Discrimination

negative actions toward a group

ABC

model affect prejudice behavior discrimination cognition stereotypes

Outgroup homogeneity

seeing outgroup members as more similar

Intergroup anxiety

discomfort interacting with outgroups

Social identity theory

boosting self esteem by favoring ingroup

Confirmation bias

seeking information that confirms beliefs

Self fulfilling prophecy

expectation causing behavior that confirms it

Stereotype threat

fear of confirming stereotype leading to worse performance

Disidentification

distancing self from domain tied to stereotype

Stress

response to demands or threats

Fight or flight

immediate physiological stress response

Primary appraisal

evaluating how stressful a situation is

Secondary appraisal

evaluating ability to cope

Threat situation

demands exceed resources

Challenge situation

resources exceed demands

Learned helplessness

belief that you have no control over outcomes

Problem focused coping

taking action to solve the problem

Emotion focused coping

managing emotional response

General adaptation syndrome

alarm resistance exhaustion stages of stress

Allostatic load

wear and tear from chronic stress