Neuro Disorders

Identify the following properties of neurons:

• _______________ — ability to respond to stimuli

• _______________ — ability to transmit impulses

• _______________ — ability to affect other neurons

• excitability — ability to respond to stimuli

• conductivity — ability to transmit impulses

• influence — ability to affect other neurons

Identify the parts of a neuron:

• ______________ — receive signals

• ______________ — transmit signals

• dendrites — receive signals

• axon — transmit signals

________ cells provide crucial support, nourishment, and protections to neurons

Glial

What are the functions of Glial cells?

• myelin production (to insulate axons)

• metabolic support (nutritional support)

• immune defense

• regulation of synaptic function

Identify the cerebrum lobes with their specialized functions:

• ________________ — motor function, speech, personality

• ________________ — hearing, memory, language

• ________________ — sensory inut and spatial awareness

• ________________ — vision

• frontal — motor function, speech, personality

• temporal — hearing, memory, language

• parietal — sensory inut and spatial awareness

• occipital — vision

What are the functions of the brainstem?

• relays sensory information

• influences motor neuron control (respiratory rythrm, heart rate)

• regulates reticular activating system (sleep/wake cycle)

• reflexes (sneezing, coughing, swallowing)

Identify the different types of matter in the spinal cord?

• ___________ — processing

• ___________ — signal transmission

• gray matter — processing

• white matter — signal transmission

What are the functions of the spinal cord?

• coordinates reflexes

• voluntary movement

• sensory input

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

• coordinates voluntary movement

• maintains trunk stability

• regulates equilibrium and balance

Damage at the cerebellum leads to _______________ — unsteady gait, difficulty with fine motor control, and trouble maintaining posture

ataxia

Identify the components of the autonomic nervous system:

• ____________ — “flight or fight”

• ____________ — “rest and digest”

• sympathetic — fight or flight

• parasympathetic — rest and digest

__________ is the earliest and most sensitive indicator of rising ICP

change in level of consciousness

_________ is a late sign indicating brainstem compression

cushing’s triad

What are the 3 characteristics of cushing’s triad?

• hypertension with widening pulse pressure

• bradycardia

• irregular respirations (often Cheyne-Strokes pattern)

_________ are used to reduce ICP, such as ____________

osmotic diuretics; Mannitol