Week 6 - Powering Life: Harnessing Chemical Energy

BIO1011

Define autotroph and heterotroph

Autotroph

• Organisms that produce own organic food from inorganic substance

• INORGANIC carbon (often CO2)

Heterotroph

• organisms that are unable to produce own food and must consume other organisms

• ORGANIC carbon

What are the 2 ways organisms can harvest energy from the environment

Sun - phototroph

Chemical - chemotroph

Examples of phototroph autotrophs

• cyanobacteria

• plants

Example of phototroph heterotrophs

• Heliobacteria

• Green non-sulfur bacteria

Example of chemotroph autotroph

• sulfur oxidising bacteria

• hydrogen bacteria

example of chemotroph heterotroph

• most bacteria

• animals

Define metabolism

 A set of chemical reactions that convert molecules into other molecules and transfer energy in living organisms.

Metabolism can be divided into 2 branches called? and explain

Catabolism - set of chemical reactions that break down molecules into smaller units and, in the process, produce ATP

Anabolism - set of chemical reactions thatm from smaller units and require an input of energy, usually in the form of ATP