Collision Theory and Enzymes Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering collision theory, factors affecting reaction rates, and the biological role of enzymes in digestion.

Collision Theory

The principle that chemical reactions occur when particles collide with sufficient energy and the correct orientation.

Kinetic energy

The energy particles gain as temperature increases, causing them to move faster and collide more frequently with more energy.

Concentration

The number of particles in a given area; increasing it leads to more frequent collisions and a higher rate of reaction.

Surface area

The amount of exposed area of a solid; increasing this allows more particles to be exposed and collide more frequently.

Enzymes

Protein molecules that act as biological catalysts, speeding up the rate of reaction in living things.

Active site

The specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds.

Denaturing

An irreversible process where an enzyme's shape changes due to high temperatures or extreme pH, preventing it from binding with the substrate.

Catalase

An enzyme found in potatoes that facilitates the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.

$$2H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + O_2$$

The chemical reaction where hydrogen peroxide is broken down into water and oxygen.

$$37\,^{\circ}C$$

The optimum temperature for many human enzymes, representing the temperature at which our bodies function best.

Acidic

The specific pH condition of the stomach where certain enzymes operate.

Alkaline

The specific pH condition of the small intestine where certain enzymes operate.

Physical digestion

The process of chewing food to increase its surface area, allowing enzymes to work faster on more exposed surfaces.