AP Spanish

Tras

After

Haber

Has

Agotado

Exhausted

Dispuesto

Prepared

Empeoramiento

Worsening or deterioration

Asuntos

Matters, concerns

Past with haber

• The haber acts like saying “have” or “has” in front of a verb, ex

• Yo he comido

  • This means “I have eaten” as opposed to “I ate”

• You conjugate it by first conjugating “haber,” which goes he, has, ha, hemos, han

• Then you have to add a verb with a special type of conjugation after the haber

• For ar verbs this is -ado and for er and ir it is -ido after removing the ar, ir, or er

Irregular verbs when haber is added

• Decir —> dicho

• Hacer —> hecho

• Escribir —> escrito

• Ver —> visto

• Poner —> puesto

Quedar

To stay or remain

Estatales

State-level

Medio

Media

Encontrar

To find

Debido

Due, owing

Aisladas

Isolated

Contra

Against

Según

According to

Enviar

To send

Cuya

Whose or of which

Pozo

Well

Funcionario

Official, agent

Tanto

A lot, so much

Mientras

While

Sin embargo

However

Ambos

Both

Amenazar

To threaten

Imponer

To impose

Guerra

War

Rechazar

To refuse

Agregar

To add

Confiable

Reliable

Respuesta

Answer

Señalar

To point out

Fe

Faith or belief

Añádir

To add

Propio

Own

El jefe

Boss

Dúro hasta

Last until

Dejar

To leave

Poder

Can be a verb for “can” but also a noun for “power”

Instaurar

To set up

Atraso

Backwardness, delay

Lanzar

To launch

Hundido

Sunken, hollow

Atrás

Back, behind, after

El paso

The step

Comenzar

To start

El seguidor

The follower

El pueblo

The town or people

Deber

Must

Aquel/aquella

That

Sacar

To take out

Alcanzar

To reach

Realizar

To carry out or do

Frenar

To break or catch

Campesinos

Peasants

Aunque

Although

Desde

From

Apoyar

Means either to lean on or to support

Junto

Together

Cambiar

To change

Comenzar

To begin

Acercar

To bring closer

Colocar

To put in place or arrange

Fuerzos armadas

Armed forces

Siglo

Century

Vecino

Neighbor

Así

So

Dirigir

To lead

Adquirir

To acquire

Conseguir

To get

Seguir

To continue

Legar

To hand down

Apagones

Power blackouts

Medidas

Measures that the government puts in place

Dirigente

Leader

Destacar

To highlight

Casar

To marry

Pese a

Despite

Retrato

Portrait

Mas/menos dada

More/less inclined

La falta

The lack

Entonces

Then or so

Aquel

That

El hecho

The fact or event

Trasladar

To move house

Encuentro

Meeting

Sumar

To add or join

Apenas

Barely

Hacia

Toward

Caída

Drop or fall

Encargado

In charge

Dura

Hard

Derribar

To knock down

Huir

To escape

Auxiliar

To help

Anda

Encouragement, similar to “come on”

Así

So

Cambiar

Change verb

Niveles

Levels