Variables

Variable

A factor, trait, quantity or condition that can change.

Independent variable (IV)

The factor manipulated in an experiment to see its effect.

Dependent variable (DV)

The factor measured or counted in an experiment.

Co-variables

Two variables that are both measured to see if a correlation exists between them.

Extraneous variable

A variable that could affect the DV if it is not controlled.

Controlled variable

An extraneous variable that is kept the same across all conditions to prevent it affecting the DV.

Operationalisation

Defining a variable in a way that makes it measurable, objective and clear.