summer term science test (yr9)

the scientific name for heat energy is

thermal/internal

hear travels through a solid by

conduction

heat travels through fluids by

convection

heat travels through space by

radiation

fluids are ___ and ___

liquids and gases

metals have a higher thermal conductivity than non-metals this they conduct heat

faster/better

metals have a higher conductivity because they have

delocalised (free) electrons

a coloured image showing heat leaving an object is called a

thermogram

the amount of energy it takes to heat up a 1 kilogram of a substance by 1•c is called it

specific bear capacity

two examples of home insulation are

double glazed windows and curtains

energy not being stored in useful ways is described as being ___ energy

wasted

the electromagnetic wave which carries thermal energy is called

infrared radiation

dark colours are good ____ and ____ of infra-red

emitting and absorbing

shiny colours are good ___ of infra-red

reflectors

a larger difference in temperature between an object and its surroundings will cause the object to cool

quicker/faster

what is the scientific name for movement energy

kinetic

global warming is caused by

green house gases

what is the scientific name for heat energy

thermal/internal

what is the name of energy stored in fuel

chemical

what is the name of energy stored in objects that can be stretched and returned to their original shape

elastic potential

what is the name of the energy stored between a north and south pole

magnetic potential

what is the name of energy stored when in an object above ground level

gravitational potential

what is the name of energy stored between a positively charged object and a negatively charged object

electrostatic

what is the name of energy transfer which happens in wired

electrical

what is the name of energy released from a nucleus of an atom

nuclear

what is the name of the type of energy transfer which happens when an object is pushed

mechinal

what is the name of energy transfer which happens when an object gives out light?

radiation (waves)

what is the name for the rule? Energy cannot be destroyed or created only transferee

law of conservation of energy

write the equation which links distance force and work done

work done=force x distance

what is the unit for work done?

gravitational potential energy=mass x height x gravitational field strength

write the equation which links gravitational potential energy gravitational field strength, mass and height

gravitational potential energy=mass x height x gravitational field strength

what is the unit for work done?

joule (j)

Write the equation which links kinetic energy mass and velocity

kinetic energy=1/2 x mass x velocity2

what is the unit for kinetic energy?

joule (j)

what is the term for heat energy going into the surroundings?

dissipation

what is a lubricant used to reduce?

friction

The measure of how good a device is a transferring energy usefully is called

efficiency

write the equation which links energy power in time

power=energy/time

what is the unit of power?

watts (w)

name the organelle that controls cell activities, nucleus

nucleus

in the organelle that control substances entering and leaving the cell

cell membrane

Name the organelle that is the site of photosynthesis

chloroplasts

Name the organelle that is the site of respiration

Mitochondria

name the organelle that produces protein

Ribosomes

name the organelle that controls cell sap

Vacuole

name the organelle that contains cellulose

Cell wall

name the organelle that contains chlorophyll

Chloroplasts

where in the cell does most chemical reactions take place?

Cytoplasm

what type of cells are animal plant cells?

Eukaryotic

what type of cells are bacteria cells?

Prokaryotic

what is present in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?

A nucleus

name the founded bacteria circular piece of DNA found in bacteria cells

plasmid

what is diffusion?

Movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration

what is osmosis?

Diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane

what is active transport?

Movement of particles from an area of low to high concentration which requires energy from respiration

State the three conditions that can affect the rate of diffusion

concentration temperature surface area

name one adaptation that alveoli have to increase the rate of diffusion

Any of: thin cell membrane, large surface area, efficient blood supply

what does active transport allow plants to absorb through their roots?

any of: magnesium ions nitrate ions phosphate ions

name the adaptation of muscle cells

Ability to contract of relax

describe an adaptation of a sperm cell

any of: tail for movement, acrosome enzymes for breaking down egg a lot of mitochondria to transfer energy to tail

name an adaptation of a root Hearsall

Large surface area

write the equation to calculate magnification

Magnification=image size/actual size

name one advantage an electron microscope has over a microscope

Higher magnification and resolving power

name the cell division that is important in growth and development

mitotis

what happens to the genetic material in the first stage of mitosis?

doubles

what type of cell can differentiate into any type of cell?

stem cells

we can stem cells be found in the human body

embryos or adult bone marrow

where can stem cells be found in a plant?

meristem tissue

name a condition that can be treated with stem cells

diabetes or paralysis