Cognitive Development

Cognitive Development

Changes that occur in mental activities such as attending, perceiving, learning, thinking, and remembering.

Constructivism

Children actively construct their knowledge through exploration and interaction with the world.

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

The gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance.

Scaffolding

Expert support tailored to the learner's current level.

Object Permanence

The realization that objects continue to exist when they are no longer visible or detectable.

Egocentrism

Difficulty taking another person's perspective.

Conservation

The recognition that the properties of an object do not change when its appearance is altered.

Hypothetico-Deductive Reasoning

Generating hypotheses and testing them systematically.

Assimilation

Interpreting new experiences based on existing schemes.

Accommodation

Modifying existing schemes to fit new experiences.