Biology - Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis equation

6Co2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

1. Carbon dioxide enters through stomata

2. Water enters from root to the xylem tissue

3. Chlorophyll captures photons

4. Glucose product

5. Oxygen is released for cell respiration

6. Water is released by the cell

Chloroplast anatomy

Outer and inner membrane

Facilitates movement of materials in and out of the cell, as well as protection.

Granum

A stack of thylakoids, and thylakoids are flattened stacks of chlorophyll.

Thylakoid lumen

Where protons accumulate for ATP production.

Stroma

Fluid filled space for Calvin cycle.

Photosystems

Clusters of pigments and protein complexes embedded in the thylakoid membrane.

1. Photosystem 2: p680

2. Photosystem 1: p700

Plans have two photosystems, each has a specific absorption spectrum.

How does Autumn leaves work?

Leaves can become red to orange because the Chlorophyll breaks down, allowing other pigments to show.

Light dependent reaction (photosynthesis)

Light independent reaction (calvin cycle)

1. Carbon Fixation

2. Phosphorylation

3. Reduction

4. Synthesis of Glucose

5. Regeneration of RuBp