PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT REVIEWER BASED ON NISSI REVIEWER

Psychological Assessment

Integration of psychology-related data for evaluation using tests, interviews, and observations.

Psychological Testing

Measuring psychology-related variables through specific devices or procedures.

Educational Assessment

Evaluation of abilities and skills relevant to academic success.

Retrospective Assessment

Drawing conclusions about past psychological aspects of an individual.

Remote Assessment

Evaluating a subject not physically present using psychological tools.

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA)

Evaluation of specific problems and behaviors in real-time environments.

Collaborative Psychological Assessment

Working as partners with the assessee throughout the assessment.

Therapeutic Psychological Assessment

Encouraging self-discovery and new understandings during assessment.

Dynamic Assessment

Interactive approach involving evaluation, intervention, and reevaluation.

Referral

Initial step in the assessment process, originating from a source.

Formal Assessment

Structured evaluation using tools and procedures for data collection.

Feedback Session

Discussion of assessment findings with the assessee and relevant sources.

Psychological Test

Device or procedure measuring psychology-related variables like intelligence.

Content (of a Test)

Subject matter varying based on the focus of the specific test.

Format (of a Test)

Structure, arrangement, and administration method of test items.

Scoring (of a Test)

Assigning evaluative codes to performance on tests or tasks.

Score

Summary statement reflecting performance evaluation on a test.

Cut Score

Reference point used to categorize data into different classifications.

Technical Quality

Psychometric soundness and utility of a test in measuring variables.

Psychometrics

Science of psychological measurement.

Psychometrist/Psychometrician

Professional analyzing and interpreting psychological test data.

Interview

Method of gathering information through direct communication.

Panel Interview

Assessment where multiple interviewers participate.

Motivational Interviewing

Therapeutic dialogue combining listening skills and cognition-altering techniques.

Portfolio

Tool using work products for evaluation, retained in various mediums.

Case History Data

Records and accounts preserving information relevant to an assessee.

Behavioral Observation

Monitoring and recording actions of individuals for assessment.

Naturalistic Observation

Observing individuals in their natural settings.

Participant Observation

Observer integrates into a group while observing.

Covert Observation

Observation where the observer's presence is unknown.

Overt Observation

Observation where participants are aware of the observer's presence.

Role-Play Test

Assessment tool where individuals act in specific situations for evaluation.

CAPA

Computer-assisted psychological assessment.

CAT

Computer adaptive testing tailoring tests to individual abilities.

Simple scoring report

Basic report listing only the test score

Extended scoring report

Report with statistical analyses of testtaker's performance

Interpretive report

Report with numerical or narrative interpretive statements

Consultative report

Report in professional language, offering expert analysis

Integrative report

Report combining test data with other collected information

Parties in assessment

Include test developers, users, evaluated individuals, and society

Test developer

Creates tests or assessment methods

Test user

Professionals utilizing psychological tests

Testtaker

Subject of assessment, can even include deceased individuals

Psychological autopsy

Reconstruction of a deceased individual's psychological profile

Society at large

Influences various aspects of testing and assessment

Other parties

Entities offering test-scoring or interpretation services

Scales of Measurement

Assigning numbers to characteristics based on rules

Continuous scale

Infinite scale for continuous variables

Discrete scale

Finite scale for discrete variables

Error in measurement

Influence beyond what's specifically measured

Levels of measurement

Nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio (NOIR)

Nominal scale

Classification based on distinguishing characteristics

Ordinal scale

Classification with rank ordering

Interval scale

Equal intervals between numbers

Ratio scale

Scale with a true zero point

Frequency distribution

Listing scores with their occurrence frequency

Raw score

Unmodified performance score

Grouped frequency distribution

Using intervals instead of actual scores

Histogram

Graph with vertical lines for test scores

Bar graph

Graph with frequency on Y-axis and categories on X-axis

Frequency polygon

Data illustrated by a continuous line connecting points

Measures of Central Tendency

Statistics indicating average or midmost score

Arithmetic mean

Sum of observations divided by their count

Median

Middle score in a distribution

Mode

Most frequently occurring score

Bimodal distribution

Two scores with the highest frequency

Measures of Variability

Statistics describing the spread of scores

Range

Difference between highest and lowest scores

Interquartile range

Difference between Q3 and Q1

Standard Deviation

Square root of average squared deviations about the mean

Skewness

Lack of symmetry in a distribution

Kurtosis

Measure of distribution steepness.

Platykuric

Distribution with a flat curve.

Leptokurtic

Distribution with a peaked curve.

Mesokurtic

Distribution with a middle curve.

Normal Curve

Bell-shaped, mathematically defined curve.

Standard Scores

Converted scores for interpretability.

z Scores

Indicates deviation from mean in SD units.

t Scores

Scores on a 50 ± 10 scale.

Stanine

Scaling scores on a nine-point scale.

Linear Transformation

Retains numerical relationship to raw score.

Nonlinear Transformation

Used for non-normally distributed data.

Normalized Standard Scores

Transformed skewed curve to normal shape.

Coefficient of Correlation

Measures strength of relationship between variables.

Pearson r

Measures linear correlation strength and direction.

Coefficient of Determination

Indicates shared variance between variables.

Spearman Rho

Correlation for ordinal variables.

Meta-Analysis

Statistical combination of study data.

Effect Size

Estimates derived from meta-analysis.

Scatterplot

Graph showing relationship between variables.

Curvilinearity

Degree of curve in a graph.

Outlier

Atypical point distant from other data points.

Positive Correlation

Variables increase/decrease together.

Negative Correlation

Variables change in opposite directions.

Meta-Analysis Advantages

Weight to larger studies, reliable conclusions.

Trait

Relatively enduring way individuals vary from each other

State

Less enduring way individuals vary from each other

Construct

Informed concept to explain behavior, not directly observable

Overt behavior

Observable actions or products, including test responses

Context

Influences trait manifestation in observable behavior