UAS-Rules and Regulations (Week 2)

For Hocking College NRM-1128, Intro Unmanned Aerial Systems. Originally created by Luke Gilkey

Who is ultimately responsible for the UAS during any operation?

The Remote Pilot in Command

When do I need a remote pilot certificate?

All the time unless you are flying for fun.

The exchange of money is not a factor, the INTENT of the flight is.

How do you determine you need a remote pilot certificate?

If you get out of your car (for example) with the intent of flying for money, they you need a license.

Can I get paid as a recreational flyer

Yes

If your original intent on flying was for recreation.

What is Part 107's definition of a drone?

An unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds on takeoff (which includes everything on the aircraft, and anything hooked to the aircraft).

Is there a power limit for a UAS?

No.

What is the visual observer?

a person who is designated by the remote pilot in command to assist the remote pilot in command and the person manipulating the flight controls of the small UAS to see and avoid other air traffic or objects aloft or on the ground.

What is the RPIC?

Remote Pilot in Command.

Person who is manipulating the controls of the UAS or is supervising the person manipulating the controls.

What must a RPIC have in his/her possession?

Remote Pilot Certificate

Source of ID

Any document required to be kept under part 107 (written exam, registration card).

What must the RPIC allow the FAA to test?

The UAS

Remote pilot in command

the person manipulating the controls

the visual observer (if applicable)

What circumstances require a RPIC report a accident?

If a serious injury has occured

OR

Damage to any property of which the repair costs over $500

When should these accidents be reported?

Within 10 calendar days of the accident.

How does a RPIC safely allow another person to operate a UAS.

The RPIC must be able to direct control of the UAS if something bad happens.

Is registration required for drones?

Yes.

All markings must be displayed on the outside of the aircraft.

In what situation is a RPIC allowed to deviate from any rule within part 107?

In emergency situations.

Are there consequences to deviating from a rule during an emergency?

Yes.

Upon request from a administrator, the RPIC must submit a written report about the deviation to the administrator.

Are you allowed to operate a UAS from a moving vehicle?

No, UNLESS the UAS is flown over a sparsely populated and is not transporting property for compensation/hire.

Are you allowed to operate a UAS from an aircraft?

No

How long must an individual wait between drinking alcohol and operating a UAS?

8 hours. Referred to the "Bottle to Throttle" rule.

Alcohol can remain in your system well after 8 hours, and you cannot operate while intoxicated.

You are legally required to submit to a sobriety test if requested from a law enforcement officer/FAA official.

What is alcohol concentration limit for operating a UAS?

.03

Anything at or above .04 is illegal.

What is the FAA's definition of night?

Time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight (refer to slide 30)

In order to operate a night, a UAS must be equipped with?

Anti-collision lighting that is visible for at least 3 statute miles with a flash rate sufficient to avoid collision.

Is a RPIC or visual observer allowed to operate/observe more than one UAS at a time?

No.

Is flying in airspace class B, C, D, or E2 allowed?

Not allowed unless prior permission is received from Air traffic control.

What is the maximum altitude allowed for a drone to fly at?

400 feet ABOVE GROUND LEVEL (AGL)

Which means its allowed to fly 400 feet above a structure no matter how high the structure is.

(So a tower measuring 2000 feet long allows a RPIC to operate the UAS at 2,400 ft as long as it stays over that tower.

Same for ground level.

Check slides 47-48 for more info

What is an exception to this rule?

If it's in uncontrolled airspace.

Controlled airspace may have set parameters for altitude, check and get authorization prior to any flight.

What is the altitude restriction for clouds?

UAS are not allowed to be flown in clouds.

They must fly at least 500 feet below a cloud,

OR

2,000ft away (horizontally) from a cloud.

What is UAS' speed limit?

100 Miles Per Hour

Is a licensed UAS pilot required to renew their license?

Yes.

Every 24 months.

If a pilot changes their address, when should they notify the FAA?

Within 30 days.

How does the FAA define flying over people?

Sustained flight.

Transition flight

Hovering over people

flying back and forth

circling (in a way where the UAS remains over some part of the assembly)

What is an open air assembly?

No specific definition, depends on the crowd.

Examples:

Sporting events

concerts

parades

rallies

community events

etc.

What is a MoC?

Means of Compliance.

How the applicant proves their UAS meets the requirements (like kinetic impact forces). Consists of test, analysis, or inspection that will be sent to the FAA for review.

What is a DoC?

Declaration of Compliance.

Tells the FAA which make/model/series of aircraft are compliant, along with the range of serial numbers.

In order to fly over people, a UAS must fall under what?

Category 1

Category 2

Category 3

Category 4

Category 1

UAS must weight .55 pounds or less on takeoff and during the duration of the flight.

Does not contain any exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin upon impact.

Must meet remote ID requirements.

Category 2

Must not cause injury to a human being equivalent to 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact.

Does not contain any exposed rotating parts that could lacerate human skin upon impact.

Is labeled as category 2.

Listed with the FAA accepted declaration of compliance.

Must meet remote ID requirements.

Category 3

Must be labeled as category 3 UAS.

Must not cause injury to a human equivalent to 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy upon impact.

Does not have any exposed rotating parts that cause laceration upon impact.

Listed with the FAA's list of declaration of compliance.

Must not operate over open air assemblies.

Under category 3, UAS are allowed to operate over humans when they meet one of the following conditions?

They operate over a closed restricted access site and all humans on the site are under notice of the UAS' operation.

If operating outside a closed restricted access site, then all humans must be either participating or under a covered structure/inside a stationary vehicle.

Category 4

Has an air worthiness certificate issued under part 21..

Have maintenance, preventative maintenance, alterations, and inspections.

Meet Remote ID requirements.

How can you 'notify' people?

Public notices

Signage

Flagging

Written notice posted at the entry point of an area

Verbal notice.

Under what conditions are you allowed to operate a UAS over moving vehicles?

You must meet the above requirements (Cat 1,2,3) and

Remain over a closed restricted access site and everyone in the moving vehicles be on notice

OR

the UAS must not maintained SUSTAINED flight over moving vehicles.