Micro exam 2 set 7

Isotonic solutions

When solutions separated by a membrane contain equal concentrations of solute and solution

hypertonic solutions

More solute is present in the environment than in the system

hypotonic solution

More solute is present in the system than the environment

What kind of solutions are microbes ideally grown in?

Isotonic solutions

How do microbes react in a hypertonic solution

They shrivel up

How do microbes react in a hypotonic solution

They expand

What is the most important function of a cell wall?

To maintain the structure of the cell. AKA protect from osmotic forces.

How is active transport powered?

ATP, and some kinds of passive transport that result in secondary active transport.

What do symporter proteins do?

move 2 chemicals in the same direction

What do antiporter proteins do?

move 2 chemicals in opposite direction

What is exocytosis?

removal of large material from the cell using vesicles

What is endocytosis?

engulfing of large materials into the cell using vesicles

What types of cells do endo/exocytosis

Eukaryotes only

What are vesicles?

membranous sacs used to transport and store materials inside the cell

What is the unique molecule in cell walls used to identify bacteria?

peptidoglycan, AKA murein

What is the unique molecule in cell walls used to identify Archaea?

pseudopeptidoglycan, AKA pseudo murein

What is the unique molecule in cell walls used to identify Fungi?

Chitin

What is the unique molecule in cell walls used to identify Algae?

pectin, agar, and cellulose