Tudor and Stuart History: The English Reformation and Historical Skills

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the Tudor and Stuart eras, social hierarchy, source analysis skills, and the causes and consequences of Henry VIII's English Reformation.

Monasteries

Buildings which belonged to the Catholic Church and where monks lived.

Protestant

A Christian who does not believe the Pope is the head of the Church and opposed Catholics, named because they protested against Catholic ideas and the Catholic Church.

Catholic

The Christian religion led by the Pope, to which almost everyone in England belonged during the 1500s.

Legitimacy

The legal right to have power; an individual without this right is considered illegitimate.

Tudors

The royal family who ruled England for much of the 16th century.

Pope

The leader of the Roman Catholic Church who lives in Rome.

Cardinals

Individuals appointed directly by the Pope who occupied very high positions in the Catholic Church.

Parliament

The institution that helped the King or Queen rule England and make laws for the country.

Dissolution

The act of being closed down; carried out by Henry VIII against monasteries to sell their goods and land to the gentry to solve his money problems.

Stuarts

The royal family who ruled England in the 17th century, including monarchs such as Charles I and King James VI of Scotland.

Reformation

A movement to change the Church for the better, during which the Catholic Church split, the Protestant Church emerged in Europe, and England changed from Catholicism to Protestantism.

Nobility

The highest class of people in society, headed by Dukes, followed below by Marquises, Earls, Viscounts, and Barons.

Heir

The name given to the person who is next in line for the throne.

Persecution

The mistreatment of a group of people because of who they are or what they believe in, such as people of different religions in Tudor England.

Civil War

A war fought between two armies from the same country, such as the Wars of the Roses.

Gentry

The social class below the nobility yet above the commoners, made up of traders, wealthy farmers, and gentlemen of wealth who grew rich in the Tudor era.

Primary Source

A historical source made at the time of the event, which often provides an exact date or year.

Secondary Source

A historical source made after the event occurred.

Provenance

The background and origin of a historical source.

Interpretation

A view of the past that is based on evidence.

Rood screens

A wall in a church that separated ordinary Christians from God during church services.

Protestant Bible translation

The translation of the Bible into English so that all ordinary people could read it and form their own personal connection with God.

Causes of the English Reformation

Henry VIII's desire for a divorce from Catherine to remarry, his pursuit of more power, the Pope's refusal of the annulment, and the influence of Martin Luther's ideas and petition.

Consequences of the English Reformation

The Pope became angry, Henry VIII lost popularity with Catholics, churches and religion changed from Catholic to Protestant, people were left confused, and commoners lost monastic support.

Break with Rome

Separating the country from religion

The deserving poor

The poor by illness, the old aged, the diseased or the lame

The idle and lazy

Vagabond beggars and prostituets who were fit to work but wandered about, stealing and being too lazy too work