teas english and language usage

Adverbs

A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

Article

a grammar word like "a," "an," or "the"

Sentence

a group of words that expresses a complete thought and contains a subject and a predicate.

Pronoun

a word used in place of a noun or a noun phrase to avoid repetition and make sentences clearer.

Tense

a form of a verb that shows the time when an action or event happens (past, present, or future).

Verb

a word that shows an action, an occurrence, or a state of being.

Preposition

a small word that shows direction, location, time, or the relationship between a noun and other words in a sentence.

Adjective

word or noun that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase

Conjunctions

words that join other words, phrases, or clauses together in a sentence

Homophones

words that sound the same when you say them (ex: flower and flour)

Homographs

words that share the same exact spelling but have different meanings (ex tear and tear)

Prefixes

a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a root word to change its meaning

Suffixes

a letter or group of letters added at the end of a base word

Simple Sentences

a group of words that has one independent clause, meaning it has one subject and one verb, and it shares a complete thought

Compound Sentences

joins two complete thoughts, called independent clauses

Complex Sentences

a sentence that has one independent clause (a complete thought) and at least one dependent clause (an incomplete thought)

Compound Complex Sentences

has at least two independent clauses (complete thoughts) and at least one dependent clause (incomplete thought)

Double Negatives

sentence or phrase that uses two negative words together. in standard grammar two negatives cancel each other out and make a positive statement

Nouns

a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea

Pronouns

a small word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence

Verbs

a word that shows an action, an event, or a state of being

Adjectives

word that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase

Adverbs

a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

Prepositions

a small word that shows how a noun or pronoun relates to another word in a sentence

Root Words

the core part of a word that carries its basic meaning

Subject Verb Agreement

a verb must match its subject in number(single verb single subject) (plural verb plural subject)

Transition Words And Phrases

connect ideas, sentences, and paragraphs. They help your writing flow smoothly, guide readers, and show how different thoughts relate. Common categories include addition, contrast, time, and cause-and-effect.

Simple Sentence

a group of word that has one independent clause, meaning it has one subject and one verb, and it shares a complete thought

Interjection

a short word or phrase that shows a sudden feeling or emotion

Introduction Paragraph

grabs the readers attention, gives background facts, states main idea or thesis

Body Paragraph

the main part of an essay or paper that develops a single key idea to support the central thesis

Conclusion Paragraph

the last paragraph of an essay. reminds reading of main idea, reviews your key points, leaves a strong final thought

Topic Sentence

states the main idea of a paragraph

Actionable

something is clear enough to be put into practice or provides a valid legal basis for a lawsuit

Anecdotes

a short, interesting, or funny story about a real person or event used to make a point or illustrate a larger idea

Foreboding

a strong inner feeling or a sign that a future misfortune or bad event is coming

Malcontent

a person who is chronically dissatisfied, unhappy with the existing state of affairs, and prone to frequent complaining or rebelling against authority

Variable

any characteristic, number, quantity, or symbol that can change or take on different values

Implicit

something is understood, hinted at, or inherent, but not directly stated or spoken

Cohesion

the act or state of sticking together

Sequential

following a specific, logical, or numerical order without gaps

Vertices

the corner points where two or more lines, line segments, or edges meet

Commerce

the large-scale exchange of goods and services between individuals, companies, or countries

Expository Passage

a piece of writing that explains, informs, or describes a topic using facts and evidence rather than personal opinions or stories.

Persuasive Passage

a piece of writing designed to convince the reader to agree with a specific point of view or take a particular action.

Narrative Passage

a piece of writing—either fictional or nonfictional—that tells a story or recounts a series of connected events.

Appendix

an extra section placed at the end of a book, report, or paper that provides relevant but supplementary information.

Index

an alphabetical list of topics and names with page numbers at the back of a book

Almanac

an annual book or publication that provides a calendar of the upcoming year alongside data on astronomy, weather, tides, and general statistics.

Thesaurus

a reference book, website, or software tool that lists words grouped by their similar meanings (synonyms) and often their opposite meanings (antonyms).