Naming O, N, S, and X functional groups

Alcohol Suffixes

• -anol (single bonds)

• -en-#-ol (double bonds)

• -yn-#-ol (triple bonds)

OR

• name the alkyl part and add the word “alcohol” to the end

Ether suffixes

• ether

• name the two groups in alphabetical order

Aldehyde Suffixes

• anal

Ketone suffixes

• anone

• name the principal chain and then indicate the location of carbonyl with a number

Ester suffixes

• anoate

• name group on oxygen with “yl” and then the group on carbon with “anoate”

Carboxylic acid suffixes

• anoic acid

Anhydride suffixes

If R groups are the same:

• anoic anhydride

If R groups are different:

• not covered in this class

Amine suffixes

• amine

If the groups on nitrogen are different, the longer one is the principal chain and the other is a substituent, use N to indicate it is on the nitrogen

Indicate the position with a number

If the nitrogen group is an NH2 with only on carbon group, “amino” can be used to designate its position on the principal chain

Amides suffixes

• anoamide

We will not name amides with carbon groups on the nitrogen

Imines

• anal imine

We will not name imines with carbon groups on the nitrogen

Alkyl Halide suffixes

• flouride, chloride, bromide, iodide

OR

• name the halogen as a group according to the following names

  • fluoro

  • chloro

  • bromo

  • iodo

    • use number to indicate location

Acid Chloride suffixes

• ionyl chloride

• yryl chloride

Depends on carbon count

Thiol suffix

• thiol

Thioether suffixes

• sulfide

propanol

isopropanol

dichloromethane

tetrahydrofuran

Acetone

diethyl ether

chloroform

acetic acid

methanol

ethanol

dimethylsulfoxide

dimethylformamide

triethylamine