HESI A2: A&P Master Review (Parts & Identification)

Identify this bone feature and define its anatomical purpose.

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Tubercle

A round bump. Most of these bumps are sites for muscle and ligament attachments

Identify this bone feature that is circled and define its anatomical purpose.

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Tuberosity

A rounded bump that has a more gradual slope.

Identify this bone feature labeled by a blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Styloid process

A pointy process that attaches to ligaments that support the hyoid bone.

Identify this bone features covered by the white marks and define their anatomical purpose.

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Trochanter 

A very large bump. These are found on the femur bones.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue stars and define its anatomical purpose.

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Condyle 

A large, rounded process.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue stars and define its anatomical purpose.

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Foramen

A hole for arteries, veins and nerves.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue square and define its anatomical purpose.

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Sinus
 
A hollow cavity within a bone.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Frontal bone 

Is located on the anterior-superior aspect of the skull. If forms the anterior portion of the cranium and the superior portion of the orbits. It also contains sinuses (frontal sinuses) that secrete mucous to help flush the nasal cavity.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Supraorbital margin

A landmark on the frontal bone that is a thickened process above the orbits that helps to protect the eye.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Suprorbital foramen 

A passageway for blood vessels supplying the frontal sinus, eyebrow, and eyelid.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Parietal bones 

Paired bones that form the lateral margins of the cranium.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Occipital bone 

Located in the posterior region of the skull.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Foramen magnum 

Enclosed within the occipital bone and is a passageway for the spinal cord.

Identify this bone feature covered by the white mark and define its anatomical purpose.

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Temporal bones

On the lateral aspect of the skull.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue line in the box and define its anatomical purpose.

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Zygomatic process 

Forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. It articulates with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Mastoid process

A site of muscle attachments for some of the neck muscles. It also contains small air cavities called air cells that connect with the middle ear.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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External auditory canal

A tubelike structure that houses structures for the external and middle ear.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Sphenoid bone 

Forms part of the inferior portion of the cranium.

Identify this bone feature labeled by green box and arrows and define its anatomical purpose.

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Sella turcica

(Also known as the Turkish saddle) Is a grove in the central region of the sphenoid. The pituitary gland also resides in the sella turcica.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the grey box and define its anatomical purpose.

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Lesser wings

Extend laterally and are anterior to the sella turcica.

Identify this bone feature labeled by the blue star and define its anatomical purpose.

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Greater wings

Lateral to the sella turcica and form part of the floor of the cranium.

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Ethmoid bone

Located in the anterior and medial cranium. It forms the roof of the nasal cavity and the superior portion of the nasal septum and contains sinuses that secrete mucous to help flush the nasal cavity.