AP World History: Modern — Unit 2 Exam Review

Indian Ocean trade

Connected East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and China.

Trans-Saharan trade

Connected North and West Africa through the exchange of gold, salt, and other goods.

Mongol Empire

Expanded trade networks and cultural exchange while also causing destruction during conquest.

Black Death

Spread along trade routes and caused major population losses and economic disruption.

Spread of Islam

Advanced through trade, missionaries, pilgrimage, and cultural interaction.

Commercial innovations

Paper currency, banking, credit, caravanserai, and maritime technologies supported trade.

African empires

Wealth from long-distance trade contributed to the growth of states such as Mali.

Cultural diffusion

Ideas, technologies, and religious practices spread between societies through trade, migration, and conquest.

Zheng He's voyages

Chinese Admiral's maritime expeditions to ports across the Indian Ocean in the early fifteenth century.

Mansa Musa's pilgrimage

Demonstrated the spread and influence of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia and its connections to West African rulers.

Mongol technology transfers

Involvement in adopting and spreading technological innovations across regions within the empire.

Middle Eastern commerce

Maintained regular trade connections with China, India, and sub-Saharan Africa between 1000 and 1450 CE.