Lesson 1/2 SPAN1001

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83 Terms

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Hola

Hello / Hi (used anytime, informal or formal)

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Buenos días

Good morning (used from sunrise until noon)

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Buenas tardes

Good afternoon (used from noon until dusk/sunset)

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Buenas noches

Good evening / Good night (used after dark)

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Adiós

Goodbye (formal or definitive farewell)

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Hasta luego

See you later (common casual farewell)

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Nos vemos

See you / We'll see each other (casual farewell)

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Me llamo...

My name is... (literally: "I call myself...")

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Mi nombre es...

My name is...

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Mucho gusto

Nice to meet you

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Encantado / Encantada

Delighted / Pleased to meet you (-o for male, -a for female)

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Este es...

This is... (used to introduce a masculine person/friend)

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Esta es...

This is... (used to introduce a feminine person/friend)

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¿De dónde eres?

Where are you from? (informal)

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¿De dónde es usted?

Where are you from? (formal)

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Soy de...

I am from...

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Estados Unidos

United States

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Estadounidense

American / From the US (gender-neutral)

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¿Cómo estás?

How are you? (informal)

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¿Cómo está usted?

How are you? (formal)

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Estoy bien / muy bien / mal

I am good / very good / bad

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¿Qué hora es?

What time is it?

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Es la una... / Son las...

It is 1:00... / It is [2, 3...] o'clock

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¿Cuántos años tienes?

How old are you? (literally: "How many years do you have?")

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Tengo [número] años

I am [number] years old

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Las matemáticas

Mathematics

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La historia

History

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Las ciencias

Sciences

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El inglés

English

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La educación física

Physical Education

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El arte

Art

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La música

Music

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La tecnología

Technology

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La literatura

Literature

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El campus

Campus

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El aula

Classroom

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El profesor / La profesora

Professor / Teacher

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El estudiante / La estudiante

Student

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La biblioteca

Library

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El laboratorio

Laboratory

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La cafetería

Cafeteria

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La oficina

Office

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La sala de conferencias

Lecture hall / Conference room

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La letra rr (doble erre)

Trilled "r" sound made by rolling the tip of the tongue

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La letra ñ (eñe)

Sounds like the "ny" sound in "canyon" or "onion"

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La letra ll (doble ele)

Pronounced like the "y" in "yes" in most dialects

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Los meses del año

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo, abril, mayo, junio, julio, agosto, septiembre, octubre, noviembre, diciembre)

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La primavera

Spring

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El verano

Summer

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El otoño

Fall / Autumn

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El invierno

Winter

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Hace sol

It is sunny

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Hace frío

It is cold

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Hace calor

It is hot

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Llueve

It is raining

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Está nublado

It is cloudy

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Cero a diez (0

10) - Numbers zero to ten (cero, uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco, seis, siete, ocho, nueve, diez)

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Once a quince (11

15) - Numbers eleven to fifteen (once, doce, trece, catorce, quince)

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Dieciséis a diecinueve (16

19) - Numbers sixteen to nineteen (dieciséis, diecisiete, dieciocho, diecinueve)

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Veinte a veintinueve (20

29) - Numbers twenty to twenty-nine (veinte, veintiuno, veintidós...)

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Treinta a cien (30

100) - Numbers thirty to one hundred (treinta, cuarenta, cincuenta, sesenta, setenta, ochenta, noventa, cien)

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El sustantivo

Noun (a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea)

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El género

Gender (masculine or feminine classification of nouns)

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El número

Number (singular or plural status of nouns)

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El artículo determinado

Definite article ("the") — el, la, los, las

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El artículo indeterminado

Indefinite article ("a," "an," "some") — un, una, unos, unas

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El (artículo)

The (masculine, singular) — e.g., el libro

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La (artículo)

The (feminine, singular) — e.g., la casa

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Los (artículo)

The (masculine, plural) — e.g., los libros

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Las (artículo)

The (feminine, plural) — e.g., las casas

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Un (artículo)

A / An (masculine, singular) — e.g., un amigo

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Una (artículo)

A / An (feminine, singular) — e.g., una niña

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Unos (artículo)

Some (masculine, plural) — e.g., unos amigos

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Unas (artículo)

Some (feminine, plural) — e.g., unas niñas

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Plural rule: Noun ending in a vowel

Add "-s" to make plural (e.g., libro → libros, casa → casas)

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Plural rule: Noun ending in a consonant

Add "-es" to make plural (e.g., profesor → profesores)

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Plural rule: Noun ending in "

z" - Change "-z" to "-c" and add "-es" (e.g., luz → luces)

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Regla general de género: terminación

o - Usually masculine (e.g., el niño, el libro)

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Regla general de género: terminación

a - Usually feminine (e.g., la niña, la casa)

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Excepción de género: la mano

Exception word: ends in "-o" but is feminine ("the hand")

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Excepción de género: el día

Exception word: ends in "-a" but is masculine ("the day")

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Sustantivos en

e / -ista / -or / -ón - Nouns ending in these letters can be masculine or feminine and require memorization

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Concordancia de artículos

Articles must always match both the gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) of the noun