AP Environmental Science Unit 3: Module 18

What impacts do population growth and associated resource consumption?

Population growth leads to increased resource consumption, environmental degradation, and challenges in sustainability, including habitat loss, pollution, and depletion of natural resources.

Doubling Time

the number of years it takes a population to double in size based on its current growth rate.

Rule 70

A method for estimating the doubling time of a population by dividing 70 by the annual growth rate, expressed as a percentage.

Theory of Demographic Transition

A model that describes the transition of a population from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as it develops economically. It is typically divided into four stages: pre-industrial, transitional, industrial, and post-industrial.

What are the 4 stages of demographic transition?

• Slow Population Growth

• Rapid Population Growth

• Stable Population Growth

• Declining Population Growth

Slow Population Growth

A phase in demographic transition characterized by low birth and death rates, leading to minimal population increase.

Rapid Population Growth

A phase in demographic transition where birth rates remain high while death rates decline, resulting in a significant increase in population.

Stable Population Growth

A phase in demographic transition where both birth and death rates are low, resulting in little to no population growth.

Declining Population Growth

A phase in demographic transition where birth rates fall below death rates, leading to a decrease in total population size.

IPAT Equation

The IPAT Equation is a formula used to calculate the impact of human activity on the environment: impact = population x affluence x technology.