Cambridge English Advanced Grammar and Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards defining essential linguistic, grammatical, and general terminology from the Cambridge English Advanced preparation text.

Transitive Verb

A verb that can be followed by one or two objects.

Intransitive Verb

A verb that cannot be followed by an object and cannot take a passive form.

Gradable Adjective

An adjective describing a quality that can exist in varying degrees, allowing modification by adverbs such as extremely, slightly, or very.

Non-gradable Adjective

An adjective describing an absolute quality where degrees are not usually imagined, often used with adverbs like absolutely or completely.

Defining Relative Clause

A relative clause that specifies exactly which person or thing is being referred to.

Non-defining Relative Clause

A relative clause that provides additional information about a noun rather than identifying which specific one is meant.

Adverbial Clause

A clause that connects to a main clause to provide extra information such as time, reason, contrast, or purpose.

Sentence Connector

A word or phrase (such as 'however' or 'what's more') used to link one sentence with another.

Conjunction

A word (such as 'because' or 'although') used to link clauses within a single sentence.

Agent

The person or thing that performs the action in a clause or sentence.

Nominalisation

The process of using a noun or noun phrase to express an idea that is typically expressed by a verb or adjective.

Urban Sprawl

The unchecked expansion of a city or its suburbs into undeveloped or environmental land on the outskirts.

Asylum Seeker

A person who leaves their home country to escape danger or persecution and applies for legal protection in another country.

Refugee

A person who has been granted official status to reside in a country after fleeing danger or persecution in their home country.

Gender-neutral Language

Language that avoids specifying gender and is inclusive of both sexes.

Biodegradable

Capable of being broken down naturally by bacteria into harmless substances.

Reforestation

The practice of planting new trees in areas where forests have previously been cleared or cut down.

Holistic Education

An educational approach aimed at developing the whole child, including their physical, emotional, social, and intellectual growth.