AP HUG Unit 2B

intervening opportunity

an occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journey by a choice

intervening obstacle

an occurrence that holds migrants back

refugee

ppl who are forced to leave their country for fear of persecution/death

asylum seeker

a migrant who has crossed an international border to escape danger or persecution and has applied for refugee status

legal protection

what does refugee status refer to?

internally displaced person (IDP)

ppl who have been forced to flee their homes but remain within their country’s borders

quotas

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limits on the number of immigrants allowed into the country each year

immigration

movement to a location

emigration

movement away from a location

net migration

difference between the number of emigrants and immigrants in a location

entire pop decrease, negative net migration

what happens when more people emigrate than immigrate(Japan)

push factor

negative cause that compels to leave a location

gang violence, hurricane damage, fleeing war, racism

examples of push factors

pull factor

positive cause that attracts someone to a new location

stable government, safe neighborhoods, plentiful job opportunities

examples of pull factors

friction of distance

the longer the journey is, the more time, effort, and cost it will involve

guest workers

migrants who travel to a new country as temporary laborers

remittances

money earned by emigrants abroad that is sent back home to family in country of origin

brain drain

the loss of trained/educated people to the lure of work in another country

internal migration

movement within a country’s border

transitional migration

immigrants to a new country keep strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties to their country of origin, may regularly return for visits

voluntary migration

people make the choice to move to a new place

forced migration

people are compelled to move by economic, political, environmental, and cultural factors

step migration

series of smaller moves to ultimate decision

chain migration

people move to a location because others from their community have previously migrated there

circular migration

migrants go back and forth from country of origin and home country, working temporary jobs

interregional migration

movement from one region of the country to another

intraregional migration

movement within one region of the country

unauthorized migration

People who enter a country without proper documents, or who enter legally and overstay their authorized period of admission

manual work: labor, agriculture, service industry

what type of jobs do guest workers do?