SEMR Histopath 1: Retrogressive, Progressive, and Degenerative Changes

aplasia

incomplete or defective development of a tissue/organ

agenesia

complete non-appearance of an organ

atresia

failure of an organ to form an opening

atrophy

aquired decrease in size of normally developed or mature organ

hypertrophy

increased organ size due to increase in the individual cells

physiologic hypertrophy

due to increased workload

physiologic hypertrophy

endocrine stimulation

compensatory hypertrophy

observed in paired organs where opposite organ has been removed or suffered from functional insufficiency

false hypertrophy

due to edema fluid or CT proliferation

hyperplasia

increased in tissue/organ size due to increased number of cells

physiologic hyperplasia

hormones or growth factors, pregnancy, puberty

pathologic hyperplasia

endometriosis, benign prostatic

dysplasia

regressive alteration in adult cells manifested by variation in size, shape, and orientation

anaplasia

regressive change in adult cells towards more primitive or embryonic cell types

metaplasia

reversible change involving the transformation in one type of adult cell to another

neoplasia

continuous abnormal proliferation of cells without control

cellular swelling

first manifestation of almost all forms of injury to cells

cellular swelling

hallmark of reversible injury