chp1. (mr. morrison)

difference between program and algorithm

a program: same as an algorithm, but a computer follows it

algorithm: used to solve a problem

software

a combination of programs to perform a complex task

3 types of paradigms

sequential (sequence), selection and iteration

5 main data types

integer (e.g. 5), character (“e”), float (5.6), boolean (True/False) and string (“Hello”)

variable

a digital store of data that can change during the progress of a program

expression

an instruction to a computer, but calculates a value/result

e.g. 01: variable = 5+5

statement

an instruction to a computer

e.g. 01: print(“hi”)

immutable

object or value that cannot be modified or changed, even during run tume

mutable

an object or data that cannot be modified be modified in after creation, even during runtime

dynamic data structure

a collection of data where the memory used can grow or shrink in size during runtime

static data structure

a collection of data, where its memory has a fixed size and cannot change

record (data structure) main points

• can hold different data types

• calling items using names rather than indexes

• usually mutable

• dynamic

tuple

• data efficient

• immutable

• can hold different data types

• called by indexes

• static

array (data structure) main points

• static

• all data types must be the same

• 1+ dimensions