final an n ea m50a

from week 5 wed onwards

Levant’s many names 2500-1500 BC

• Syria-Palestine (classical, Roman period)

• Amurru (N Levant, Iron Age)

• Canaan (S Levant, Bronze-Iron Ages)

• Levant (medieval period)

Levant’s regions? 2500-1500 BC

Northern Levant - Amurru

Southern Levant - Canaan

Levant Geography 2500-1500 BC

• coastal harbors @ river outlets & estuaries

• overland bridges b/w Mesopotamia & Egypt

• trade from Europe thru Cyprus & Levant

Levant Cultural Influences 2500-1500 BC

• North: Mesopotamia + Anatolia

• South: Egypt + Arabia

• Coast: Mediterranean cultures

Levantine Industries 2500-1500 BC

• timber (cedar)

• mining (copper ores, various stones, etc)

• fishing (murex shells, Nile perch)

• agricultural (grain, horticulture)

Horticulture in Levant 2500-2500 BC

• nut & fruit tree cultivation

• oleaculture: olives, olive oil

• viticulture: grapes, wine

murex shells

used to crush to make purple dye, reason why “royal purple” is expensive - took alot to make

Levatine Pastoralism

• wool production > textiles

• animal products (milk, hides, horns, etc)

• equids (onagers, rearing donkeys)

onagers

type of creature sort of cross between zebra and donkey

could not reproduce on own so they had to capture wild ones & breed with donkeys, offspring could not reproduce so cycle repeats