21. Altitude adaptation and total oxygen content & 22. Carbon dioxide transport

What happens at altitude immediately and over the course of a few days?

triggers ventilation through peripheral chemoreceptors, hypoxia increases 2,3-BPG and kidneys release erythroprotien to increase RBC and hematocrit

A severe dehydration episode can increase hematocrit through _.

hemoconcentration

What are the 3 forms that CO2 can be enter the blood and be transported?

7 percent through plasma, 23 precent bound to hemogloblin, 70 precent converted to bicarbonate

Bicarbonate leaves the red blood cell in exchange for _.

chloride

What happens to CO2 in blood cells and lungs?

carbonic anhydrase speeds the reaction between CO2 and water to form cabonoic acid which dissociates into bicarbonate and H+, the opposite is true in the lungs where bicarbonate reenters blood cell and is converted back to CO2