reconstruction

A government pardon for offenses, often given to former Confederates after the Civil War is called __________.

Amnesty

Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War, often to seek political or economic opportunities, were known as __________.

Carpetbaggers

A tax on goods like alcohol and tobacco, used to help fund Reconstruction efforts is referred to as __________.

Sin Tax

The faction of the Republican Party that pushed for strict Reconstruction policies and full rights for freed African Americans was called __________.

Radical Republicans

White Southerners who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party were known as __________.

Scalawags

The financial crisis that led to a severe economic depression, weakening Northern support for Reconstruction, is called __________.

Panic of 1873

The leading Radical Republican in Congress who advocated for harsh Reconstruction policies and civil rights for African Americans was __________.

Thaddeus Stevens

Corruption or dishonest political practices, such as bribery and embezzlement, is defined as __________.

Graft

The Secretary of War under President Grant who was involved in a major corruption scandal is __________.

William Belknap

The Radical Republican senator who fought for civil rights and harsh penalties for former Confederates was __________.

Charles Sumner

The white supremacist group that used terror and violence to oppose Reconstruction and suppress Black political participation is called __________.

Ku Klux Klan

The 19th U.S. president whose disputed election led to the Compromise of 1877 and the end of Reconstruction was __________.

Rutherford B. Hayes

The stricter Reconstruction plan proposed by Radical Republicans, requiring 50% of a state's voters to take a loyalty oath, was the __________.

Wade-Davis Bill

Laws passed to combat the Ku Klux Klan and protect African American rights in the South are known as __________.

Enforcement Acts

The agreement that resolved the 1876 election dispute, making Hayes president in exchange for the removal of federal troops from the South is called __________.

Compromise of 1877

A way for a president to indirectly veto a bill by ignoring it until Congress adjourns is known as __________.

Pocket Veto

The Democratic candidate in the disputed 1876 presidential election who lost due to the Compromise of 1877 was __________.

Samuel Tilden

The federal agency established to help former enslaved people and poor whites in the South after the Civil War is __________.

Freedmen’s Bureau

Farmers who rented land and paid the landlord with cash or crops are referred to as __________.

Tenant Farmers

The 17th U.S. president who took office after Lincoln's assassination and opposed Radical Reconstruction was __________.

Andrew Johnson

Farmers who worked land owned by others in exchange for a share of the crops are called __________.

Sharecroppers

Laws passed in Southern states to restrict the rights of freed African Americans after the Civil War are known as __________.

Black Codes

A system where farmers used future crops as collateral for loans, often leading to a cycle of debt is called __________.

Crop Liens

The law granting citizenship and equal rights to African Americans, aimed at counteracting Black Codes, is the __________.

Civil Rights Act of 1866

A system where workers were trapped in debt and forced to work indefinitely to pay it off is known as __________.

Debt Peonage

The constitutional amendment that granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born in the U.S. is the __________.

14th Amendment

The law dividing the South into military districts to enforce Reconstruction policies and protect African American rights is called __________.

Military Reconstruction Act

To formally charge a government official with misconduct is to __________.

Impeach

The law preventing the president from removing certain officials without Senate approval, which led to Andrew Johnson’s impeachment crisis, is called __________.

Office of Tenure Act

The constitutional amendment granting African American men the right to vote is the __________.

15th Amendment