Motion, Newtons Laws, Force, Torque, Balance & Stability, Friction

Two types of motion

Linear and angular.

Linear motion

Motion along a line.

Rectilinear motion

Motion along a straight line.

Curvilinear motion

Motion along a curved line.

Angular motion

Rotation around an axis.

What provides the axis of rotation in the body?

Joints.

Linear displacement

The distance a system moves in a straight line.

Angular displacement

A change in the location of a rotating body.

Speed

How fast something moves or distance moved per unit of time.

Velocity

The rate of displacement including direction.

Newton's First Law

An object remains at rest or continues moving at the same speed in a straight line unless acted upon by a force.

Inertia

Resistance to action or change.

How mass affects inertia

Greater mass produces greater inertia.

Newton's Second Law

Acceleration changes in the direction of force, is directly proportional to force, and is inversely proportional to mass.

Acceleration

The rate of change in velocity.

Mass

The amount of matter in a body.

Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Force

A push or pull that affects motion or shape.

Torque

The turning effect of a force around an axis.

Momentum

The quantity of motion possessed by a body.

Impulse

The effect of force applied over a period of time.

Balance

The ability to control equilibrium.

Equilibrium

A state of zero acceleration with no change in speed or direction.

Stability

Resistance to a change in acceleration or disturbance of equilibrium.

Friction

Resistance between surfaces.

Static friction

Friction between objects that are not yet moving relative to each other.

Kinetic friction

Friction between surfaces that are sliding.

Rolling friction

Resistance that occurs when an object rolls.

Which is greater: static or kinetic friction?

Static friction is greater than kinetic friction.