Waves 1

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27 Terms

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Wave
A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transporting matter.
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Progressive Wave
A continuous disturbance that travels through a medium.
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Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
A vibration in which displacement above and below the equilibrium position is equal.
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Crest
The highest point of a wave.
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Trough
The lowest point of a wave.
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Amplitude
The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
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Wavelength (λ)
The distance between successive corresponding points of a wave.
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Period (T)
The time required for one complete wave cycle.
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Frequency (f)
The number of wave cycles per second.
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Wave Speed (v)
The rate at which a wave travels.
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Hertz (Hz)
The unit of frequency; one hertz equals one cycle per second.
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Mass (m)
The quantity of matter in an object, measured in kilograms.
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Spring Constant (k)
A measure of a spring's stiffness, measured in newtons per meter.
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Mechanical waves
Waves that require a medium to propagate.
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Electromagnetic waves
Waves that can travel through a vacuum.
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Transverse waves
Waves in which vibrations of the medium are perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
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Longitudinal waves
Waves in which vibrations of the medium are parallel to the direction of wave travel.
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Surface waves
Waves in which particle motion has both parallel and perpendicular components, often moving in a circular motion.
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Compression
The region in a longitudinal wave where particles are close together.
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Rarefaction
The region in a longitudinal wave where particles are spread apart.
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Standing wave
A wave that oscillates in place.
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Node (N)
A stationary point in a standing wave.
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Antinode (A)
A point in a standing wave with maximum disturbance.
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Segment
The distance between successive nodes in a standing wave.
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Overtone
Any frequency higher than the fundamental frequency.
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Harmonic
An overtone whose frequency is an exact integer multiple of the fundamental frequency.
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Fundamental frequency
The lowest natural frequency of vibration, also called the first harmonic.