Sanskrit - Samasa

avyayibhava

5 types;

* prathi (repetition) → prathi, ithi
* saha (with) → sahitham
* upa (near) - sameepam
* anu → pashchaath, yogyam
* nir (scarcity) → abhava
* yatha (within the limit) → anathikramya

prathi avyayibhava

* prathidinam : dinam dinam prathi OR dine dine ithi
* if prathi; dvithiya
* if ithi; sapthami

saha avyayibhava

* samithram : mithrena sahitham
* thrithiya

upa avyayibhava

* upavruksham : vrukshasya sameepam
* shashti

anu avyayibhava

* anuratham : rathasya pashchaat
* shashti

nir avyayibhava

* nirjalam : jalasya abhava
* shashti

yatha avyayibhava

* yathasamayam : samayam anathikramya


* dvithiya

dvandva

* ramakrishnou : rama cha krishna cha
* vachana depends on the number of people and linga depends on the last word

bahuvrihi (one who has)

* neelakanta : neela kanta yasya saha
* its always in prathama

thathpurusha

3 types;

* vibhakti → removal of vibhakti
* nan → na to a
* upapada → da, kar, gna

vibhakti

* graamagatha : graamam gatha
* there is a vibhakti lopa taking place

nan

* asathyam : na sathyam
* the ‘na’ changes to ‘a’ and joins the word

upapada

* there are three types; da, kar and gna
* bhayamkara : bhayam karothi ithi
* sarvada : saram dadaathi ithi
* sarvagna : sarvam jaanaathi ithi
* its always in prathama

karmadhaaraya

* nirmalajalam : nirmalam jalam OR nirmalam cha thath jalam
* when the two words are visheshana-visheshya, they can be joined together
* its always in prathama

dvigu

* panchavati : panchaanaam vataanaam samaahaara
* its related to numbers. whenever theres a number, it is dvigu samasa
* it is always in sashti